CA ROLINA, Nou• li, one of the United States of America, is bounded on the north by Virginia, on the cast by the Atlantic Ocean, on th• south by South Carolina and Georgia, and on the west by the state of Tennessee. According to its cam ter limits, ,owever, it extends much farther on the west, incluui:,g the state of Tennessee, as far as the river Mississippi. By the treaty of 1763, Great Britain ;:,‘ e up her claim to all territory westward of the Mississippi ; ar.d the courts of France and Spain, at the same time, gra.;ted her the free navigation-of that river. At the tyrrnination of the American war, Gre•lt Entail:, transferred her interest in that river to the United States. But since Spain, for getting the treaty of 1763, i ow claims the exclusive right of navigating the Mississippi, Nexth Carolina resumes her claims to the lands beyond it, included within the limits of her original charter. By that char ter, it extended 758 miles in length, and 110 in breadth,_ between 34° and 36° of north latitude, and 76° and 92° of west longitude, As these boundaries, however, arc disputed by the Spaniards and Carolinians, it is safer to adhere, in a geographical description, to the limits w.lich are generally recognised. Exclusive of the state of Tennessee, North Carolina is situated between 35° 50/ and 36° 3(/ north latitude, and between 76° 8' and 83° 8' west longitude, being about 450 miles in length. and 180 in its greatest breadth, and containing about 34,000 square miles. Its districts, eight in mnnber, are classed in three divisions : The eastern districts, Edenton, Newbern, and Wilmington ; the middle dis tricts, Fayette, Hillsborough, and Halifax ; and the wes tern districts, Morgan and Salisbury. Tne eastern dis tricts stretch along the sea coast, from the Virginian line to South Carolina ; the other five include the whole state west of the maritime districts, and the greater part of them extend across the state, from north to south. These districts are subdivided into fifty-eight counties, in the following order : In Edenton are the counties of Chowan, Churrituck, Cambden, Pasquotank, Penqui mins, Gates, Hertford, Bertie, and Tyrrel ; in Wilming ton arc the counties of New Hanover, Brunswick, Ons low, Duplin, Bladen ; in Newbern, the counties of Craven, Beaufort, Carteret, Pitt, Hyde, Jones, Wayne, Glasgow, Lenoir, Johnston ; in Halifax, the counties of Northampton, Halifax, Martin, Edgecomb, Warren, Franklin, Nash ; in Fayette, the counties of Moore, Cumberland, Sampson. Richmond, Robeson, and Anson ; in Hillsborough, the counties of Granville, Pearson, Caswell, Orange, Wake, Chatham, and Randolph ; in Morgan, the counties of Burke, \\likes, Rutherford, Lincoln, and Buncomb ; in Salisbury are the counties of Rockingham, Guilford, Montgomery, Stokes, Sum, Iredell, Rowan, Cabarrus, and Mecklenburg.
The general aspect of North Carolina is by no means interesting. In its whole width, for about sixty miles from the sea, it is a dead level, varied only by occasional openings in the immense forest with which it is covered. After traversing this tedious plain, we are at length relieved be the appearance of hills and mountains; from the summi s of which we behold a beautiful country, stretching west far beyond the range Or ision, watered by the broad of the Tennessee, and ado With forests of lofty trees. The general aspect of this state, which in all its features, resembles that of So C T 11 C A RO LI N A b• f011Ial more minutely described under that article.
In the level part of North Carolina, the soil is but indifferent. On the batiks or sonic of the rivers, how VC,r, and particularly of the Roanoke, it is remarkably fertile. Even in the other parts of this champaign coun to, glades of rich swamp, and tolges of oak-land, of a Mai k and fruitful soil, forth an ex( option to its general sterility. The whole of this level tract a1,ound3 tvith marine pioductions, which are f000d by digging a I w 'leo below the surbo c. Tla• sea coast, the sounds, inlets, and lower puts of the tit ers, hate invariably a soft muddy bottom. That part of the state which s west of the mountains, extending- ju length about miles, and upwards of 100 in is, with a few partial e ceptions, remarkably fertile, and abounds with oak trek s of various kinds, walnut, elm, limn and cherry trees ; the last of wl ic!, grows here to such a size, that niahy ill them ; re three feet in di on•ter. In the hilly country, the sou aml productions are nearly the same as in the northt rn states. 1Vheat, rye, bailey, Oats, and !Las, ate clips most generally cultivated, and seem to suit well the untrue of toe soil. •hrougnout the whole of North Carolina, Indian corn and pulse of all kinds are reared with success. litre• is a species of pulse, pretty common in this country-, called ground peas, NS !all run on the surface of the ground. To bring them to pc rfection, they are covered with a light 'tumid, and I. le pods grow under ground. They may be eaten tit et- raw or roasted, and in taste resemble a hazel-nut. Cotton is planted in considerable quantities, though the culture. (tI this plant might still be greatly increased. As the stalk is killed by the frost, it is necessary to plant it yearly.