Single yellow rose, (1?. lutea.) The Austrian rose, with the petals orange or scarlet at the base, is considered as a variety of this. Both kinds grow better in upland places than in the richest and warmest situation.
The Double yellow rose (R. sulphurea) is remarkable for the flowers seldom opening fairly. It should be planted in a cool and rather shady situation, or at least it does not succeed against a south wall. It is quite a distinct species from the single yellow ; the leaflets, for example, are sim ply serrated, not glandular, and they are glaucous under neath ; while in the single yellow, they are doubly serrat ed, glandular, and of a shining green.
Of the Cinnamon rose, (R. Cinnamomea,) a variety with double flowers is usually ettltivated. It is the smallest and the earliest of the double roses, often coming into flower in the beginning of May.
Scots rose, or Burnet rose, (R. spinosissima.) Of this species, which, as a native plant, is more common in Scot land than in England, several varieties have long been known, particularly the red, the semi-double white, and the semi-double red. Messrs Brown, of the Perth nurse ries, have of late years raised several new and very beau tiful varieties of this rose. The Rosa Ciphiana, celebrated in a Latin ode by Sir Robert Sibbald, the earliest illustra tor of the natural history of Scotland, was a variety of this species. Professor Martin says, it was found on his " Ci phian farm ;" but the fact is, that the name of Sir Ro bert's estate was the unpoetical one of Kips, from which, euphonite gratid, Ciphia, was formed.
Sweet-briar-rose, (R. rubiginosa.) Of this well known species, the Eglantine of the poets, there are several va rieties,—the common double flowered, mossy double, mar bled double, and red double. A single flowered yellowish variety is kept in some gardens, but it is very scarce.
The Musk rose (R. moschata) is a 'climbing kind, flow ering late, and continuing till the end of October. It va ries 1: ith double flowers.
The deep red China rose, (R. srmperflorens,) if placed against a south wall, or in front of a green-house, flowers fur the greater part of the year. There is a pale China rose, by some considered as only a variety of R. semper flurens.
The Indian rose, (R. Lndica, already noticed, § 472 ) is a
very great acquisition to our gardens, being perfectly hardy. Although but lately introduced, it has now become very common ; and by means of it we possess, in the open air, or against a wall or paling, full blown red roses in March and .April, and in November and December. The common sort has very little smell ; but a fragrant variety has been raised, thus uniting all the excellent properties of the rose.
In order to have a continued succession of roses, for in stance, of the common moss rose, the best plan is, to cut off in May the tops of shoots produced the same spring. In this way new shoots are elicited, which collie into flower late in autumn.
Beds of roses, of different shapes, are now commonly fot mod in the lawn near the mansion-house, or by the sides of the approach to the pleasure garden ; when of an oval form, they are often called baskets of roses. The surface of the circle or oval is made to rise in the middle ; the shoots are layered, and kept down by means of pegs till they strike roots into the ground ; the points only, with a few buds on them, appear above the earth. By this sort of management, in two or three seasons, the whole surface becomes covered with a close and beautiful mixture of flowers and leaves. Sometimes only the moss rose is em ployed for this purpose ; but frequently several kinds arc intermixed. Even a single plant, particularly of the moss rose, may, by continued attention, be made in this way to cover a large space, and to afford at once perhaps several hundred flowers. Plans for rosaries of different shapes, circular, oval, square, and octagonal, have been published by Lee and Kennedy, and circulated along with their list of roses.
Climbing Plants.
527. In many gardens a walk is arched over with trellis work, either of wood or wire, principally for the purpose of affording a proper opportunity of cultivating the finer kinds of climbing shrubs, and enjoying the beauty and fra grance of their flowers, which render such a berceau walk extremely delightful in the warm weather of July and Au gust. The finest of them, however, flourish only in the milder counties of England, and are planted in vain to the northward of Yorkshire.