GEORGIA, one of the United States of America, is situated between 30° 22' and 35° 1G' N. Lat. and between SO° 20' and 85° 54' Long. ; extending in length about 300 miles, and in breadth 250 ; and bounded on the east by the Atlantic ocean, on the south by the East and West Floridas, towards the west by the river Mississippi, and on the north and north-east by South Carolina, by the Ten nesse State, or by lands ceded to the United States by South Carolina. The face of the country is various. That por tion of its eastern division which lies in ohe direction be tween the rivers Savannah and St Mary's, in the other be tween the mountains and the ocean, a tract of territory which, from north to south is upwards of 120 miles, and from east to west not less than 40 or 50, is entirely level, without a hill or stone. Farther to the westward, the lands begin to be more or less uneven ; from ridges that rise gradually one above another, swelling progressively into hills, and thence finally terminating in mountains. The vast chain of the Alleghany or Appalachian mountains, which commences at Batts Kill, near Hudson's river, in the state of New York, terminates here about 60 miles south of the northern boundary ; while, from the point where it ends, there spreads a widely extended plain, of the richest soil, in a latitude and climate favourably adapt ed to the culture even of most of the East India produc tions, or of those of the south of Europe. The winters in this country are mild and pleasant ; snow is seldom or never seen, nor does it often happen that frosts prove inju rious to the vegetation. In the fiat country the air is rather confined, and being often contaminated by putrid vapours from the rice swamps, is comparatively less healthful than among the hills; and spring water is scarce. From June to September, the mercury in Fahrenheit's thermometer fluctuates here between 76° and 90°, and in winter between 40° and 60°. The most prevalent winds are the south west and the eastern, and in winter the north-west. The east wind is warmest in winter, and coolest in summer.
GeOrgia is abundantly watered by numerous rivers, as well as smaller streams, which intersect it in every direc tion. The Savannah forms a part of the bounding line by which this state is separated from South Carolina. It is formed principally of two branches, the To gulo and Reowee, which have their origin in the mountains. It is navigable for large vessels up to the town of the same name, and for boats of 100 feet keel as far as Augusta. There is a fall just above this place, beyond which it is farther passable for boats to the mouth of the Tugulo. Tybee-bar, at the entrance of the river, in latitude 31° 57', has at half tide a depth of 16 feet water. The Alalamaka and Ogeechee rivers have their course nearly parallel to the Savannah.
Besides these, with the several waters tributary to them, there are the Turtle River, Little Sitilla, Great Sitilla, Crooked River, and St Mary's, which last forms a part of the southern boundary of the United States, and is naviga ble for vessels of considerable burden for 90 miles. On the west it is washed by the Mississippi, which separates it from Louisiana. Of the rivers which fall into the Gull of Mexico, there are the Pearl, the Pascagoula, the Alibama, the Tombigbee or Mobile, the Escambia, the Chatahouchee, with the Apalachicola and the Flint rivers. The northern part of the state is watered by the Tennessee, Bend, and the Chuccamaga. All these rivers abound with various sorts of fish, among which are rock, mullet, whiting, shad, trout, drum, bap, cat-fish, brim, and sturgeon ; and the bays and lakes afford oysters and other shell-fish. The chief lake or marsh in the state is Ekanfanoka, which is 300 miles in circumference.
The whole of the sea coast of Georgia is bordered with islands, through the medium of which there is constituted a sort of inland navigation, extending with hut few inter ruptions from the river Savannah to St Mary's. The prin cipal of these islands are Skedaway, \Vassaw, Ossabaw, St Catharine's, Sassels, Frederica, Jekyl, Cumberland and Amelia.