SHARPE, GRANVILLE, celebrated for his unwea ried exertions in the great cause of the abolition of the slave trade, was born in 1734, and was the son of Mark Sharpe, Archdeacon of Northumberland, and the grandson of John Sharpe, archbishop of York. He was educated for the bar, but he did not follow the law as a profession. He was the author of some works of little importance. He died in July 1803, in the 79th year of his age. On the 6th July 1826 a bust of him by Chantry was placed in the Council Room at Guildhall, with the following inscription:— The details of his life will be found in the Monthly and Gentleman's Magazine the Edinburgh Review, vol. xii. Clarkson's History of the .11bolition of the Slave Trade, and Rees' Cyclopedia, ART. SHARPE.
SHAT-el-ARAB, or CnAT-el-AnAn, Arabic name of the Euphrates and Tigris below their junction. As delineated in our modern maps, these two rivers form their main junction at N. lat. 31° nearly, and about long. 47° E. from London. In a country of moving sands and flat surface, and on which the ef forts of human labour have been often exerted in the lapse of perhaps 40 centuries, great changes must have taken place. Pliny as quoted by Make Brun, sup
posed the Euphrates to have once entered the Persian Gulf without receiving the Tigris and Ahwas. This opinion Niebuhr has revived, but the probability is that similar to the Mississippi and Red river in the United States, and the Ganges and Burrampooter in Asia, that the Euphrates and Tigris having one com mon recipient, always mingled their waters, though extensive revolutions may have taken place in partial channels. In their actual state, the Euphrates and Tigris unite as already stated. The union is made below Korna, where the stream turns to north-east a few miles, and receiving the Gyndes or Ahwas from the north, turns to SE., passes Bassorah, and after a course of about too miles falls by three principal and several smaller mouths into the Persian Gulf. The southern channel is the deepest, but shifting sands render the entrance of this great river dangerous. The tide ascends the Shat-el-Arab into the Euphrates and Tigris.