Below Coire, the road passes thrbugh the fine villages of Masans, Trimmis, Zitzen, and Ighis, to the chateau of Marschlen, where the Messrs Salis have a fine library, and a superb cabinet of natural history. The Economi cal Society of the Grisons was established at Zitzen in 1778, and had published nine fasciculi in 1803. The road now crosses the Lanquhart by the bridge of Zollbrucks, where there is a pontage, and passes through Malantz, Jennins, and Mayenfield. Malantz is a small handsome town on the side of a hill. Its red and white wines are reckoned the best in the Grisons. There are beds of gypsum near Jennins, and much blue marl in the neigh bourhood. Jennins is half a league from Mayenfield, and three quarters of a league from the defile of Lucien steg. The fine valley of Mayenfield is a league wide, and is surrounded with lofty calcareous mountains. The defile of Luciensteg is situated near the northern frontier of the Grisons, on the side of Suabia, between the Gouscher Alp, 5573 feet high, and the Flesch, 3114 feet high. A wall 100 toises long, and a rampart of the same length, defends on that side the •entrance to the Grisons. The frontier passes near Balzeres, situated on that defile. At the village of Gouscha near Luciensteg, the mothers are accustomed to tie their children to a rope of a cer tain length, when they are obliged to leave them at home, lest they should fall over the precipices.
3. The valley of the Inn, or the Engadin, is one of the finest in Switzerland. It has 28 lateral vallies, several of which have two or three ramifications. It stretches from the south-west to the north-east, and is 18 leagues long from the Naloggia to the bridge of St Martin. It is di vided into the higher and the lower Engadin. The for mer is seven leagues long, from the mountain Maloggia to that of Cassanna, and the latter is 11 leagues long, from Brail to the bridge of St Martin. It is subject to fre quent earthquakes. A full account of this interesting district will be found in our article INN.
4. The valley of the Albula comprehends the valleys of Davos and of Oberhalbstein. The principal valley of Davos is five leagues long, and is watered by the Land wasser, which falls into the Albula near Filisour, the end of the valley, where the river runs through a defile 1200 feet deep. The lateral vallies of Davos are those of Flula, Dischma, and the fine valley of Sertig, which is divided into two, and has a sulphureous spring, and another mineral water of a putative quality. Each of these three vallies is four leagues long. Opposite the gorge of Zughen is the valley of Montstein, which has two branches, each a league in length. The district of Davos contains six lakes ; the greatest of these, which is half a league long and a quarter wide, contains great quanti ties of fish. This district possesses several mines of ga lxna, copper, lead, and iron. The river A,hula issues from a small lake in a mountain of the same name, over which there is a road to the Engadin. It descends into the valley across a dreadful gorge, called the rock of Ber gun orBergunerstein, and meets the Landwasser at Filisour.
Though the smallest of the two, the united stream is call ed the Albula. It receives the Rhin-u'Oberhalbstein at
Tiefenkasten, and is then lost in the posterior Rhine at Furstenau.
Ttie valley of Oberhalbstein lies on the northern face of the mountains Septimer and Juliet.. It is 8 leagues long, and its river rises in a small lake on Mount Septimer. Savognin is the chief place in the valley. About Tintzen the valley grows very narrow, and the road ascends at the side of a torrent, bounded by horrible rocks. At the end of three-fourths of an hour it enters the meadows of Rofna. Near Molins, the castle of Splondatsch appears at the bottom of a frightful gorge. On the road to Mar mels, the ruins of the castle of the ancient lords of Mar mels rise on the right, upon the summit of lofty rocks. There is a mine of silver and of tin near Ziteil ; and the remains of a copper mine between Ochsenberg and Tint zen.
5. The valley of the Lanquhart, or the Prettigau, is 8 leagues long and 4 wide, and has 9 or 10 lateral vallies. An account of it will be given under PRETT1GAU. For still farther topographical information respecting the Gri sons, see Mrsox, and the other articles already referred to.
The Grisons are divided into three leagues. 1. The League of God's House; 2. The Grey League; and, 3. The league of the Ten Jurisdictions.
The League of God's House is divided into 11 dis tricts, and 21 communes, and sends 22 deputies to the ge neral diet. Coire is the capital. The jurisdictions are, The Grey League is divided into 8 high jurisdictions and 27 communes, and sends 32 members to the general diet. The following are the jurisdictions: The League of Ten Jurisdictions is composed of 11 communities, and sends 14 members to the diet. It com prehends the rest of the Grisons, viz. the wallies of Davos, Prettigau, Mayenfield, &c.
These three leagues are connected by an annual diet of the congress and of the three chiefs. The diet consists of 63 deputies, who are chosen in the several communities by every male above a ceitain age. The diet meets about the beginning of September at Ilantz, Coire, and Davos, in rotation, and sits three weeks or a month. The chief of the league, in whose district the diet is held, is presi dent, and has a casting vote. • In all affairs of importance, the deputies act according to the instructions of their con stituents. A majority of votes decides every thing ; but they vote in the following manner : When the communi ties send instructions, the secretary reads them aloud, and the votes are taken from these instructions. In all resolu tions, respecting which instructions are not received, the deputies may vote as they please; hut these resolutions are subject to the revisal of the communities. For this purpose, a congress is held in February or March at Coire, consisting of the three chiefs and three deputies from each league, for the purpose of receiving the votes of the dif ferent communities relative to the questions referred to them at the preceding diet. The three chiefs, and the other members of congress, receive 54 florins, about 41, to defray their expences. The deputies to the general diet receive a salary, which never exceeds five shillings a day.