GUADALAJARA, an intendancy of New Spain, and part of the kingdom or New Gallicia, is situated between and 23° North Latitude. Its greatest breadth from the port of San Bias to the town of Lagos, is 100 leagues ; and its greatest length from south to north 118 leagues. It is traversed from east to west by the Rio de Santiago, a considerable river, which communicates with the lake of Chapala. It contains two cities, six villas, and 322 vil lages. The principal city Guadaiaxara, the residence of the intendant, the bishop, and the high court of justice, is situated on the left bank of the Rio de Santiago, and con tarns about 20,000 inhabitants. San Was, a sea port, and the residence of the marine department, is situated at the mouth of the Santiago, and is a very unhealthy place. The eastern part of the province is the Table Land, and western declivity of the Cordilleras of A•ahuac. The maritime district, especially towards the great bay of Bay onne, is covered with forests, and supplies excellent tim ber for ship-building. The interior of the country enjoys a temperate and salubrious climate. The Vulcan de Co lima, in the northern extremity of the province, is the most western of the volcanos of New Spain, which are placed in one parallel on the same line. It I's estimated to
be 10,000 feet in height, but is rarely covered with snow. The lake of Chapala, in the vicinity of Guadalaxara, is nearly 160 square leagues in extent. The superficial ex tent of the province is 9612 square leagues; and the popu lation in 1803 was 630,500, which gives 66 inhabitants to the square league. The value of its agricultural produce in 1802, consisting in maize, wheat, cochineal, Sec. amounted to 568,5311. sterling ; and the value of its manu facturing industry, composed chiefly of woollen and cotton stuffs, tanned hides, and soap, was estimated at 722,35 The revenues of the bishop arc 90,000 double piastres. This province abounds in silver mines, and affords excellent pastures. On the coast, in 21° 28' North Latitude, are the Marias islands, the most northern of which is about 13 miles in length, and 9 in breadth, surrounded by white rocky cliffs ; and another, about 24 miles in circuit, se parated from the last by a strait six miles broad, and which Dampean called Prince George's island, abounds in vegetable productions, but is deficient in fresh water. See Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain, vol. ii. and Mod Univ. Hist. vol. xxxix. (q)