H. BROWN.
This, after black, is the darkest colour in the system. The whole species or suite can be distinguished into those which have red, and those which have yellow mixed ; between these is placed the fundamental colour, the pure unmixed chestnut-brown, and the last vaiicty, from the quantity of black it contains, conneLts tit,_ brown series with the black. Varieties of this colour occur frequently in the mineral king dom, particularly among the ores of iron, and the omiab,e minerals.
a Reddish-brown is chestnut-brown mixed with a little red ono y cIlow ; or chestnut-brown with a small por tion el aurora-red. It passes into brownish-red. Ex ao plc, brown blende from the Hartz, and zircon.
b. Clove-brown is chestnut-hrown, mixed with cochi nial-rcd, and a little black. It is the colour of the clove. It passes into plum-blue and cherr)-red. Ex amples, rock-crystal, Mown hematite, and axinite.
c. Hair-brown is clove•brown mixed with ash-grey, Examples, Cornish tin-ore, wood opal, and brown iron-ore.
d. Broccoli-brown is chestnut-brown mixed with much blue, and a small portion of green and red. It passes into cherry•red and plum-blue. It is a rare colour. Example, zircon.
e. Chestnut-brown. Pure brown colour. It is a rare colour. Example, jasper.
f Yellowish-brown is chestnut-brown mixed with a considerable portion of lemon-yellow. it passes into ochre-yellow. It is one of the most common colours in the mineral kingdom. Examples, iron-flint and jasper.
g. Pinchbcck-brown is yellowish brown with metallic Rather the colour of tarnished pinchbeck. Example, mica.
h. Wood-brown is yellowish-brown mixed with much pale ash-grey. It passes into yellowish-grey. Moun tain wood, and bituminous wood.
i. Liver-brown is chestnut-brown mixed with olive green and ash-grey. It is the colour of boiled, not fresh liver. It passes into olive green. Example,
common jasper.
k. Blackish-brown is chestnut-brown mixed with black. It passes into brownish-black. Examples, mineral pitch from Neufchatel, moor-coal, and bituminous wood.* The immense variety of colours that occur in the mineral kingdom, constitute an almost infinite series, to characterise every individual of which is next to im possible. The colours we have already defined, are a lew only of the most prominent features of that great and beautiful series, and serve as points of comparison, and as the boundaries between which every occurring colour lies.
From the small number of colours we have defined, and the great variety that occur in minerals, it is evi dent that the greater number of occurring colours will not correspond exactly with those defined, but will lie between them. " It is this circumstance, in particular, that renders it so difficult to get an acquaintance with colours. To obviate this, in some degree, WERNER uses terms which express correctly certain prominent differences which are to be observed between every two colours. Thus, when one colour approaches slightly to another, it is said to incline towards it, (es ,;dart sick ;) when it stands in Ow middle between two colours, it is said to be intermediate, (es steht in der mute ,) when, on the contrary, it evidently approaches very near to one of the colours, it is said to fall or pass into it, (es geht ' II. The Delineations or Patterns formed by the Colours.
The distinctions included under this head depend on the shape which the colour assumes. It is only to be observed in simple minerals. The following are the diff..rent kinds enumerated and described by