HEIDELBERG, is a city of Germany, in the circle of the Lower Rhine, formerly the capital of the Palatinate, and recently forming a part of the grand duchy of Baden. It is a long and narrow town, and is situated at the foot of a mountain on the south side of the Neckar. This ri ver is crossed by a fine bridge, which cost 170,000 florins, and from which there is a fine view upon the river. It is surrounded with walls, which have six gates. The citadel, called Fort l'Etoile, was long ago destroyed by the French. It contains three churches for Roman Catholics and Protes tants, an university, an economical society, an anatomical theatre, a military hospital, a cabinet of mineral models and physical instruments, a botanical garden, and more than 20 fountains. The university was founded in 1386, and has been under the direction of 20 professors, 16 Catho lic, and four Reformed. When the Bavarians took it in 1622, its library was transferred to the Vatican, by Robert Maximilian of Bavaria. The fine statue of the Elector, the church of St Esprit, the church of St Peter, with the sepulchral inscription of the celebrated Olympia Fulvia Alorata, are worthy of being seen. The castle and the
garden of Heidelberg, situated near the town, are now in ruins. The statues of the ancient Electors and Count Pa latines are still to be seen on the front of the castle ; the remains of the hall of the chevaliers are still visible; and the granite columns, which formerly supported a part of the imperial palace at Ingelheim near Alayence, are seen supporting the roof of the fountain of the castle. The subterraneous passage extends to the great square in the town. A Restaurateur is now established in the middle of these ruins. Heidelberg has been celebrated for its wines, called yin du .Necker, obtained fi om grapes which grow on both sides of the mountain ; and for its capacious tun, which miginally contained 528 hogsheads, and 600 when it was rebuilt, and „which is still shown to strangers. It has manufactures of a inble t s, silk stockings, and silk hand kerchiefs, wax lights, soap, cotton, clothing, paper hang ings. The population, which is principally Lutheran, amounts 12,000.