There was also an academy instituted at Bologna in 1687; the object of which was to examine the doctrine, discipline, and history of the church.
Cosmograjzhical Academy was founded at Venice, by Vincent Coronelli, about the beginning of the 18th cen tury, for the extension of geographical knowledge. The device of the academy was the terraqueous globe, with the motto/l/us ultra. The members took the title of 4rgozauti-. All the globes, maps, and geographical writings of Coronelli, have been published at the expense of the academy.
The Royal Academy of Sciences at Turin, was insti tuted about the middle of the 18th century. It began to publish its memoirs in 1759, in 4to, under the title of Miscellanea Philosophico-Mathrmatica Societatis privatx Taurinensis,and was honoured with several papers by the illustrious La Grange. In consequence of the annexa tion of Turin to France, this academy was new modelled, and received the name of the imperial 4cadeuly of Sciences, Literature and the Fine Arts, at Turin. Two 4to vols, of its memoirs have been published for 1304 and 1805 ; one of which contains papers on literature and the fine arts ; and the other, a history of the academy, by the secretary Vopali The Academy of Sciences at Siena, instituted by prince Leopold in 1767, published their transactions in a con siderable number of volumes ; of which the first ap peared in 1771, and the 7th in 1794, in 4to, under the title of Atti dell' Academia di Siena.
The Academy of Padua, was established towards the end of the 18th century ; and in 1794, had published three volumes of their transactions, under the title of Saggi Scientfica e Literari dell 'Academia di Padova.
Those who wish for farther information respecting the Italian Academies, may consult Vockerodt introductio in .Votitiam. Soc. Litt.Jen,c, 1687. J. Reiskius, Program ma de Pinacothecis, et Soc. Dort. in Europa. Diction naire de Trevoux. Sachius Grammarologia. Fureterius Diet. Historique des Ouvrages des Sfavans ; and the Memoirs of the Academies themselves.