XI. Diphyscium. Fruitstalk terminal. Capsule plane on the one side, convex on the other. A plicate mem brane, in the form of a truncated cone, arising from the inner side of the mouth of the capsule. Calyptra initri form.
Contains only one species, D:foliosum, the Buxbaurnia foliosa of authors. It is separated from Buxbaumia on account of its wanting the tow of teeth exterior to the membranous fringe, which occurs in B. aphylla. D. fo liosum is not uncommon in various parts of Britain. It is very plentiful in Peebles-shire.
Division II. MOUTH OF TI1E CAPSULE FURNISHED WITH TEETH.
• In a single row. (Peristome single.) XII. Polytrichum. Peristome simple, of 32 or 64 equidistant incurved teeth, connected at the summit by a horizontal membrane. Caly ptra dimidiate.
Contains 10 British species. There are besides two species, P. capillare, and P. laevigatum, peculiar to Lap land; and other four species are figured in the illuse Exot.
In one section of this genus, the Catharinea of authors, the calyptra is always smooth ; in the other it is hairy, owing to the adherence of the succulent filaments of the flower, occasioned by a viscid exudation common to them and to the calyptra.
XIII. Tetraphis. Fruitstalks terminal. Peristome Xiii. Tetraphis. Fruitstalks terminal. Peristome single, of four equidistant upright teeth. Calyptra mi triform.
Contains only two species, both of it hich are indige nous to Britain, and neither rare.
XIV. Octoblepharum. Ft uitstalk terminal. Peris tome single, of eight double teeth.
Contaios two species, both exotic, of which the one, O. albiclum, is common to both hemispheres, and widely distributed ; the other, O. serraturn, has been hitherto found only in Nepal, arid in the Isle of Bourbon.
XV. Fabronia. Fruitstalk lateial. Peristome siogle, of eight double teeth.
Of this genus, which is altogether exotic, and differs from Octoblepharum by the lateral insertion of the Iruit stalk, two species arc figured in the Masc. Exot.
XVI. Splachnum. Fruitstalk terminal. Peristome single, of eight double teeth. Capsule seated on an apo physis. Calyptra mitriform, entire.
Contains eight British species, all of which delight in alpine situations ; several of which are rare, and much prized, paiticularly Spl. froxlichianum,Spl. vasculosum,
Spl. angustatum, and Spl. mnioides. Three species, and these among the finest of this genus, are peculiar to Lapland, viz. S pl. rubrum, luteum, and urceolatum. The apophysis of Spl. rubrum is umbrella-shaped, of a bril liant red, and much larger than the capsule. 'Fhat of luteurn resembles a reversed umbrella, and is still larger in proportion to the capsule, and of a fine yellow. Two additional species, the on,: from tropical America, the other from (the trunks of dead trees ! in) Van Die men's Land, are figured in the Must-. Exot.
XVII. Systylium. Peristorne simple, of 16 pairs of Xvii. Systylium. Peristorne simple, of 16 pairs of short teeth, united at the base. Operculum cc-innate with the columella, persistent. (Capsule furnished with an apophysis.) A genus defined by Professor llornschuch, which con tains only a single species, Syst. splachnoides t. 98, found by the Professor in only one place, on a mi cacen-schistose rock, in the Alps of Upper Carinthia.
XVIII. 'Fayloria. Peristome simple, nf 32 very long Xviii. 'Fayloria. Peristome simple, nf 32 very long twisted teeth, approximated in pairs. Capsule furnished with an apophysis.
This genus was fix st defined by Schwmgrichen, under the name Hooke' ia, which had been pre-occupied by Sir J. E. Smith, in the ninth volume of the Lin. Trans. Since Schwxgrichen's name could not be retained, Dr. Hooker devoted the genus to Dr. Taylor of Cork, his friend and able coadjutor in the Illuscologia Britannica. Tayl. splachnoidcs is an alpine MOSS, that inhabits Norway, Switzerland, and the North of Germany.
XIX. Tortula. Fruitstalksterminal. Peristome single, of 32 filiform twisted teeth, more or less united at the base into a tubiform membrane. Calyptra climidiate.
Contains 11 British species, of which T. stellata, found hitherto only by Air. Dickson, is the most rare, and is peculiar to Britain. T. cuneifolia, common in Devon shire, seems to be rare elsewhere, and perhaps has not hitherto been found in Scotland. Five new species are contained in the Masc. Exot.