It contains only F. angulosa, (J. Pusilla, Hooker, t. lxix.) VII. Calypogeja. Calyx cylindrical, carnose adhering to the stem by the side of its mouth, awl buried in the earth. Calyptra of one piece, its border divided into two or three irregular segments. Capsule cylindrical, obtuse, dividing into four equal linear valves.
Alale flowers as in Jungermannia.
It contains C. ericetorum of Raddi, a new, or supposed new species, C. flagellifcra. (J. palustris repens, &c. of Michell, Fig. 5.) C. fissa, (J. Trichomanis.) VIII. AIetzgeria. Calyx ascending, membranaceous, Viii. AIetzgeria. Calyx ascending, membranaceous, turbinate, and adhering by its base to the lower side of the frond. Calyptra of one piece, its border variously divided. Capsule roundish, dividing into four equal valves. Seeds minute, adhering by very slender elastic filaments to the inner surface of the valves at their apex. Ovate or globose corpuscles, which are perhaps the male fructification, are scattered over the upper surface of a distinct ft ond.
Contains two species, NI. glabra (J. furcata) and AI. pubescens (J. pubescens.) IX. Riiemeria. Calyx, or rather Calyptra, resembling a calyx, ascending, carnose, almost ti uncated at the apex, and slightly attenuated at the base, by which it adheres to the lower surface of the frond.
Capsule oblong, dividing into four equal valves. Seeds numerous, adhering by very slender and elastic filaments to the inner surface of the valves at their apex. Sup posed anthers scattered on the upper surface of a distinct frond.
Contains two species, R. multifida, R. palmata, (both of which are merely J. multifida,) and R. pinguis, (J. pinguis.) X. PeIlia. Calyx arising from the upper surface of the frond, its limb somewhat divided. Calyptra sub carnose, its border variously divided. Capsule round, dividing into four equal obtuse valves. Seeds numerous, ery minute, adhering by very slender elastic filaments to the base and centre of the capsule.
Supposed anthers various in form, somewhat carnose, scattered over the surface of a distinct frond.
Only one species of it is known, P. Fabroniana (J. epiphylla.) These characters are rather long, when considered merely as discriminative ; and it is evident that they must have included many more circumstances, had.they been intended as natural. It does not appear that bre vity had been considered of much consequence in the construction of them, for in some instances, circum stances in common to all the Jungermanniae are men tioned under one genus, and not again repeated. What is said of the fruitstalk in the character of the first ge nus is quite out of place, and, if stated at all, it should have occurred in preliminai y 1:emarks on the fructifi cation ot Jungermanniae. When it is mentioned under the Raddian genus Jungermannia, that " the capsule is covered by the calyptra while it remains in the calyx," the statement almost necessarily leads to a mis take in regard to all the other genera, as we are no Ivhere informed that this character is in common to the whole of them. Since, in all the genera, the calyptra is stated to be " of one piece, its border variously divid ed," it was plainly unnecessary to state this at all ; and it is worse than useless to say, under the new genus Jungermannia, that the calyptra supports the style ; for if this be true of one of the new genera, it is true of all.
It were easy, in several instances, to have shortened considerably the characters taken from the calyx; and we very much suspect that the attachment of the seeds to the spiral filaments, which is given as a character in several genera, is altogether hypothetical. The disco vet), of the fruit of J. laevigata (Bellincinia montana) is interesting : but we regret that the character which has been given of the fructification is too vague to throw any light on the question, whether this is not merely a variety of J. platyphylla (Antoiria vulgaris.) In this latter species, which is of very common occuirence, the mouth of the calyx may be subject to vary a little ; but cettainly to find it " truncate, inciso.serrate. (or irregu larly torn,) with a deep notch on one side," as described by Dr. Hooker, is extremely easy ; while we have neither seen nor heard of any specimen of it in this country with entire rounded lips. Supposing this arrangement to be followed, we think it would be indispensable that these two genera be united. We are at a loss to conceive why the insertion of the spiral filaments has not been mentioned under Frullania,—in both the species, of which it is very obvious, as well as in the genera towards the end of the arrangement ; and we cannot think it cor rect to describe the calyxes of its two species as similar in form, or to state that that of Frullania minor (J. Tama risci) is tuberculated, 'I' he species of Candollea seem tu us to agree in scarce any character of the calyx, except in its being ti uncated, and the other characters taken front the fructification arc nugatory. The " iriegular subcarnose vesicles," which are stated, after Hedwig, to be the anthei s, are of a to tally different nature, and seem to be merely the cellular structure of the leaf decomposing. 'Plie real anthers of this genus are always axillary. The species of this ge nus are also very discordant in habit. In short, we do not see that Candollea could be retained on any principle hatever. The character ol the new genus Junger mannia seems to us to depend entirely upon the anthers, at least we can make nothing of what is stated respecting the female fructification : and it unfortunately happens, that our author had not seen the true anthers in any one of the species of this new genus, but had mistaken buds or vesicles for thern—as the anthers, where they 'are known, are, in all the species referred by Raddi to Jun germannia, invariably axillary. The species referred to this new genus differ very much in the mouth of the ca lyx, and not more in fructification than in habit. The irregular division of the capsule in J. pusilla (Fossom bronia angulosi) is very striking ; and we take Fossom hronia and Calypogeja to be by far the best characterized and most natural of his genera ol leafy Jimgermannia. The name Calypogeja, however, (xcaq va‘cec,) is founded on an imperfect knowledge ul the genus ; and that part of the character which states that the calyx " iS concealed vertically in the earth" should be taken out, as J. saccata of New Zealand, unquestionably a calypogeja, which has the pendent calyx on the summit of upright branches, never has it buried in the earth.