We have already noticed the remark of Vitruvius, that Corinthian columns were sometimes surmounted by a Doric entablature, which, besides that it is in itself very extraordinary, is not supported by any antique example 'now to be found. His observation respecting the Ionic entablature over the same kind of columns is verified,in a number of instances.
The arch of Adrian at Athens, has a cornice with dentils, a plain frieze, an architrave with two plain facix, and an attic base.
A temple at Jaekly, near Mylassa, has a cornice Nvith (lentils, a swelled frieze, an architrave with three plain facie, and an attic base.
At Salonica, (the ancient Thessalonica,) a building called the Incantada, has a cornice with dentils, a swelled frieze ornamented with flutings, an architrave with three plain facia:, and an attic base.
The temple of Vesta, or Tivoli, has a plain cornice, with a (lentil band uncut, an ornamented frieze, an archi trave with two plain facia:, and an attic base.
At Rome, the temple of Antoninus and Faustina has a plain cornice, with the dentil band uncut, an ornament ed frieze, an architrave with two faciz? divided by an as tragal, and an attic base.
The portico of Septimius Severus, in the same city, has a plain cornice, with a small uncut (lentil band, a plain frieze, and an architrave with three faci? divided by mouldings.
In all these instances, the entablature and base are si milar to those generally observed in the Ionic order, from which these Corinthian examples differ only in the form of their capitals. But in those which we are now about to cite, it will appear that the Romans attempted to give the Corinthian order a more distinct character, by appro priating to it a peculiar entablature and base, and thus making a complete order of what might be previously regarded as a composition, in which light Vitruvius seems to have considered it.
The portico of thb pantheon has a cornice with modil lions, and an uncut /lentil band, a plain frieze, an archi trave with two facia divided by mouldings, and a Corin thian base.
The Temple of Peace, at Rome, has a cornice with mo dillions and (lentils, a plain frieze, and an architrave with three facia divided by mouldings.
In the Campo Vaccino, the three columns supposed by some to have belonged to a temple of Jupiter Stator, and by others to a temple dedicated to Julius Cxsar, have a cornice with modillions and (lentils, a flat frieze, an archi trave with three facia: divided by mouldings, and a Co rinthian base.
The temple of Jupiter Tonans, at Rome, has a cornice with modillions and dentils, a flat frieze, and an archi trave with three facia: divided by mouldings.
The arch of Constantine has a cornice with modillions and dentils, a plain frieze, an architrave with three plain facile, and an attic base.
At Ephesus, the templa supposed by Chandler to have been erected by permission of Augustus, in honour of his uncle Julius, has a cornice with modillions and (len tils, a swelled and ornamented frieze, an architrave with three facia divided by mouldings, and an attic base.
The Maison Quarre, at Nismcs, has a cornice with modillions and (lentils, a Ilat frieze, an architrave with three facim divided by mouldings, and an attic base.
To these we may add the following, in which the al teration seems but partially to have taken place; there being noither dentils nor (lentil bands in the cornices, and the mutulcs, from their situation, appearing rather like a variation from the proper Ionic dentil, than a new mem ber.
A portico at Athens, supposed by Mr Stuart to be the ancient PeecN: a cornice with mutules of two square faces, an architrave with two plain facia, and an Attic base.
The frontispiece of Nero, at Rome : a cornice with mutules of two square faces, an ornamented frieze, and an architrave with two lucky, divided by an ogee.
Of the modern architects who have treated of this or der, Palladio makes the column 9. diameters high, one lifth of which he gives to the entablature, consisting of a cornice with modillions and (lentils, a flat frieze, and an architrave with three facia, divided by astragals; the base is attic. The design of Scammozzi bears a general resemblance to that of Palladio, hut his column has ten diameters in its altitude ; his entablature is one-fifth of this height; the cornice has modillions, the architrave consists of three facite, divided by astragals, and the base is attic. Serlio, following Vitruvius, has given this or der an Ionic entablature, with (lentils, and the same pro portion of the capital ; his column is nine diameters high, and has a Corinthian base. Vignola's Corinthian is a grand and beautiful composition, chiefly imitative of the three columns. lie makes the column ten diameters and a half in height ; the entablature is a fourth of that alti tude, the cornice has modillions and dentils, the frieze is plain, the architrave of three facia divided by mouldings, and the base is attic.