State of Properly in 1811.
Number oi Proprietor: 1. Large properties, or estates aboveR2000 of valued rent, or £2500 Sterling of real rent, 396 2. Middling properties, or estates from £2000 to £500 of valued rent, or from £2500 to £625 of real rent, 1077 3. Small properties, or estates under £500 of valued rent, or £625 of real rent, 6181 4. Estates belonging to corporate bodies, 144 Total number of proprietors in Scotland 7798 The Poor.
1. Number of parochial poor in 1820 44,199 Average allowance to each, - £2 11 8 Total expense - £114,195 17 9 Sum which each pays 1 3 Proportion of paupers to the population 1 to 47.
Population. * Year. Number. Increase.
1. Population 1755 1,265,380 2. Ditto 1799 1,526,492 261,112 3. Ditto 1801 1,599,068 72,576 4. Ditto 1811 1,804,864 205,796 5. Ditto 1821 2,135,300 330,436 The average population of Scotland is at the rate of persons per square mile.
In 1811, there were Blind 1100 Deaf and Dumb 784 Insane 4650 6534 Revenue of Scotland.
1. Revenue at the union, 1707, £110,694 2. Additional taxes then imposed 49,306 Total revenue at the Union £160,000 3. Revenue of Scotland, anno 1813, - £4,843,229, 12 11 4. Expense of management, drawbacks, 8cc. 639,132 5 2 5. Net revenue of Scotland £4,204,097 7 9 6. Increase since the Union 4,044,097 7 9 Physical Geography, general Distribution of the Land and IVater.
Scotland may, in the strictest sense, be considered a mountainous country, as it possesses very little of what may be called level land, except the alluvial tracts which attend the courses of its greater rivers. Yet there is a low country and a high, though the physical and political senses of these terms do not coincide. The low country forms a tract ranging from Inver ness along the sea shore, as far south as Aberdeen or Stonehaven, where it terminates for a short space to be again renewed on a broader scale. The tract in deed, which, commencing by an eastern margin, ex tends hence to the Lammermuir range southwards, and then crosses westward to Glasgow, may be es teemed the proper lowland tract of Scotland, though even this affords little continuous plain country, being every where interspersed with hills, or interrupted by ridges.
The mountain land, or high country, is readily di visible into two distinct tracts. Of these the north western forms the country of the Highlands, and the southern comprises the great pastoral district, com monly known by the term dales, the former scat of those borderers who once resembled the Highlanders in their warlike habits, and maintained an almost per petual hostility with England.
The Highland mountains are separated from the middle and low district by a tolerably distinct line, which may be traced along their declivities, to which the very indefinite appellation, Grampians, has been applied. Commencing at the Mull of Cantyre, the boundary is the sea, and successively the Clyde, until we reach Dunbarton. Hence, and omitting the mi nuter details, it may be conceived to pass through Callander, Crieff, Dunkeld, and Blairgowrie; after which it ranges along the north side of the great plain of Strathmore, till it is lost near Stonehaven. Hence northward, the boundary of the mountains is much less easy to mark, whether in description, or on the ground itself, from the irregular manner in which the ridges terminate in the lower lands. Neither is it ne cessary to do so in this general view.
The northern boundary of the southern mountain district is less marked; but, in a general way, it may be conceived to commence eastward with the Lammer muir ridge, passing along the Pentlands to Tinto, Hawkshaw, and Loudon Hill, and then turning south ward by Wardlaw, Dalmellinton, and Larg Fell, so as to terminate near Creetown, in Galloway. Thus it leaves a considerable tract of irregular low country to the westward.
But the middle district is, as we remarked, render ed occasionally hilly by ridges and distinct elevations. One of the chief of these is the great Sidlaw range, which, commencing about Arbroath, stretches away to Perth, where it may be conceived to be continued in the °dills, and subsequently in the Campsie hills, till that unites at Dunbarton to the mountains of the Highlands. The northern shore of Fife may be con sidered a portion of this ridge, and the remainder of that county is irregularly undulated by eminences, of which the Lomonds are the most remarkable. Simi lar scattered elevations and irregularities are found in the opener tract which, commencing at Dunbar, ter minates at Greenock, or may he supposed continued round by the west coast to the Mull of Galloway. A thousand feet may be taken as an average of the great est altitudes of these hills.