Fig. 2. North front of the Abbey of Kelso, in fox burghshire, also built by David 1. In this, is an exam ple of the interlacing of the circular arches, and in the large arch is a succession of mouldings well executed.
Plate CLXV11I. Fig. I. Arches from the Treasury, Canterbury. The capitals in this specimen are all varied, which is usually the case in all Norman works. Over each capital is an ornament, evidently copied from Ito man remains. This is an elegant specimen of the deco rated Norman.
Fig. 2. An arch from the tower of St Augustine's monastery, Canterbury, built immediately after the Con quest.
Fig. 3. An early specimen of the Catherine Wheel window, from the cast end of Barfreston church, Kent. The whole of the east end of this church is in the latest Norman style, and highly decorated. The series of gro tesque figures that surround the window are highly cha racteristic of the style.
Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7. Specimens of ornamented columns from the tower of St Augustine's monastery Canterbury.
Figs. 8, 9, 10. Norman capitals, the first front the tower of St Augustine, and the two last from the crypt under the cathedral, Canterbury. The last resembles very strongly an Egyptian capital which we have given from Demon, in Plate CL.
Figs. 11, 12. Ornamental borders front Barfreston.
Plate CLXIX. contains a view of the west front of Iloly rood Chapel, Edinburgh, with the details of that pe riod.
The Abbey of llolyrood !rouse was founded and nobly endowed by King David I. in 1128. It suffered con siderably when the English bunted the palace in 1544, but it was soon after thoroughly repaired. Before the Restoration, it had been used as the parish church of the Canongate ; but when the palace was repaired by King Charles, the chapel was fitted up in a very elegant manner, and was set apart as a chapel royal in all time coming. A throne was raised for the sovereign, and twelve stalls for the knights of the thistle, and a hand some organ was erected. As the roof of the chapel was in a ruinous condition, it was found necessary to repair it ; but an injudicious architect who was employed, covered it with a new roof of flagstones, which the walls had not sufficient strength to support. Another archi tect reported in 1766, that the chapel would fall unless the new roof was taken off, and his prediction was veri fied on the 2d December 1768. The building is now completely in ruins, and tl.e mullions of the tine Gothic window at the east end of the chapel are completely de stroyed.
Plate CI.X X. contains a representation of the outside and inside of :\lelruse Abbey.
The present abbey of Melrose, which stands on the south side of the Tweed, is justly reckoned one of the most magnificent in the kingdom, both from the height and embellishment of the columns, from the beauty of its sculptures, and the general symmetry of its parts. It was founded in 1136 by King David, endowed with large revenues and extensive privileges, and dedicated to the Virgin Mary.
" The church," says Mr Thomson," is built in the form of St John's cross. The chancel, which is a very stately fabric, is still standing ; its roof is very curious, and has much of the scripture history upon it. I have taken the measure of what is standing of this church, although much of the west part is so entirely demolished, that %ye cannot know how far it has reached in that direction. Its just length is 258 feet ; breadth 1371; circumference about 943 ; height of the south window 24, breadth 16; height of the east window 341, breadth 151 ; height of the steeple 75 ; the spire gone. The cast window, at which was the great altar, is a beautiful structure, con of four pillars or bars, with a great deal of curious work between them ; and on each side, a great number of niches for statues. On the top, an old man with a globe in his left hand, resting on his knee, and a young man on his right ; both in a sitting posture, with an open crown over their heads. On the north and south of this window, are two others of smaller dimensions. The niches are curiously carved, both the pedestals and canopies, and on which several figures of men and ani mals arc curiously cut. On the south-east of this church are a great many musicians admirably cut, with much pleasantness and gaiety in their countenances, accom panied with their various instruments. Also nuns with their veils ; some of whom are richly dressed. The south window is very much admired for its height and curious workmanship : Niches are on each side and above it, where have been statues of our Saviour and the apostles. Besides, there are many other figures on the east, or on the west side of this window : Monks curiously cut, with their beards, cowls, and beads : A cripple on the back of a blind man : Several animals cut very nicely, as boars, greyhounds, lions, monkics, and others. There are about 68 niches in whole standing : the statues were only demolished about the year 1649.