The flatulent, or wind colic, is known by a great ful ness and tension of the belly, from iarefaction of the air contained in the intestines, and frequently by the stran guary occasioned by the pressure of the straight gut upon the neck of the bladder: this last is denoted by the horse rolling on his back, and attempting to stale. The method of cure plainly consists in a speedy admi nistering of diuretic and laxative medicines, both in the form of ;Oysters, and by the mouth. Opiates for allay ing the pain may alao be used ; but much attention is required for regulating the quantity, and hitting the critical period when they should he administered. If the opiate is too weak, the pain y, ill be augmented ; and if too powerful, death will be hastened. Another species of colic is the inflammatory, or red one, supposed to originate in sonic internal injury, brought on by over strained exertion. The flatulent, or spasmodic colic, is by far the most frequent 'a WI horses ; and it i•; in treat in• this specie", that common farriers do most mischief. In fact, to ascertain the specific disorder, and find out the proper remedies, requires a greater share of knots ledge and judgment than usually belongs to common farriers. To learn vt terinary science requires years of study, an intimate knowledge of anatomy, and a great deal of practice ; and to the want of these requisites may be attributed the general ignorance of country inactitioners.
We have mentioned the prominent diseases which cut off horses; but were we to analyse and describe the ca talogue of disorders to which that useful animal is ex posed, this article would be swoln beyond the limits assigned to it. It may, however, be added, that cold, or catarrh, seems to be the proximate cause of them. 'Ills cold is either general or epidemic, producing lever, glanders, rheumatism, asthma, broken wind, pleurisy, and often disorders in the intestines. To avoid the proximate cause of these evils, regular treatment scents to be the surest course. Tne kind of treatment which deserves this character is, ileNer to heat nor fatigue horses more than is necessary ; and if they ate at any time over-heated and fatigued, to cool them in a gra dual manner, rubbing them well down, so that perspira tion may not be obstructed, and administering a warm mash of boiled food, so that the intestines may be kept open, and the consequent disorders avoided. The horse is a most useful animal, and deserves to be treated with of care. Laying that consideration aside, it is an object of importance to every farmer, to have his working stock preserved in a sound, healthy, and able condition, as his prosperity and success depend, in sonic uteasure, upon their capability of performing rural labour with despatch. To be often in the market, is an expensive trade ; and the only way to avoid it is to feed horses regularly, and to exceed as seldom as possible their ordinary working hours. Good stable manage
ment is also of essential service to promote the health of the animals ; and this every farmer should attend to with a degree of diligence proportional to the concomi tant advantages.
On .feat Cattle.
Of this species of domestic animals we have various breeds, though the whole may be arranged into four classes: 1. The short horned ; 2. The long horned, or Lancashire ; 3. The Galloway, or polled breed ; 4. The Kyloes, or Highland breed. Though the several breeds may with propriety be classed in this way, yet it must not be understood that the breeds so classed are in every respect alike in size, shape, and disposition to fatten. In each of these circumstances, the last-mentioned class in particular arc widely different; for the West High land cattle have separate properties from those reared in the Northern districts ; while again there is a wide distinction between both these and the breed which pre vails in the shires of Banff and Aberdeen. The very texture and appearance of the perfect article are dissi milar; though these things may depend as much upon the mode of feeding when young, as upon the original constitution of the animal.
On Shcrt-horned Cattle.
There is reason to suppose, that short-horned cattle are not a natiNc breed of Britain, but one imported. from the continent; because they arc chiefly fi.und or. the easte"n coast, and because in many places they retain at this day the name of Dutch cattle. This breed from others in the shortness of their horns, and in being wider and thicker in their form or mould, consequently feeding to the most weight, and yielding the greatest quantity of tallow. With regard to constitution, they are not so hardy as the long-horned cattle, being thinner in the skin or hide, and requiring better lOod. They excel, however, in three valuable particulars, viz. in at fording the greatest quantity of beet, butter, and milk. This breed, however, like all others, is better or worse in different districts, according to the attention of the breeders. Iu Lincolnshire they arc in general more subject to lycr or black flesh than they are in the dis tricts which lie farther to the north; and this evil was originally introduced by an importation of a had sort of bulls front Holland, by persons who desired to improve the breed, but were not possessed of the skill that is re quisite for making a suitable selection. The country on both sides of the river Tees contains the short-ho•ied breed in pet fection. The usual management there, is to give hay and turnip the first winter, coarse pasture through the following summer, straw in the fold-yard, and a few turnips in the second winter, good pasture in the second summer, and as many turnips as they can cat in the third winter, when they are treated in every respect as fattening cattle.