Genus Gasterosteus : G. aculcatus, the ban stickle, is found in such abundance in the fens and rivers in Lin colnshire, that, according to Pennant, a man earned four shillings a day, by taking and selling them to the far mers for manure, at a halfpenny a bushel : they make their appearance off this coast only once in seven or eight years; G. ductor, the pilot fish, very rarely comes near our coasts, but is sometimes seen in our seas, at a considerable distance from land ; G. pungitius, the les ser stickleback ; G. spinnachia, the larger stickleback.
Genus Scomber : S. scomber, the mackarel. An eco nomical account of this, and other fish caught in the ri vers and off the coasts, will be given, when we come to treat of the English fisheries; at present, we shall mere ly mention a fact connected with its natural history: Pennant mentions an instance of one taken on the Eng lish coast that weighed five pounds. S. thynnus, the albicore ; S. trachurus, the scad.
Genus Ilfullus : M. barbatus, the red surmullet ; surmuletus, the striped surmullet.
Genus Trigla: T. lyra, the piper ; T. gurnardus, the grey gurnard. This fish seems to grow to a larger size in the English seas than elsewhere, as here it has been caught from two to three feet long, whereas in the Bal tic it is seldom more than a foot and a half. T. cucu lus, the red gurnard; T. hirundo, the tub-fish; T. li neatta, the streaked gurnard, is met with off the coast of Cornwall.
Order ABDOM1NALES. Genus Cobitis : C. barbatula, the loche ; C. txnia, the armed loche.
Genus Salmo : S. salax, the salmon, has been taken in England of the weight of 74 pounds; S. eriox, the grey; S. trutta, the sea trout ; S. fario, the common trout ; S. carpio, the gilt char; S. alpinus, the char, is found in the lakes of Cumberland; S. eperlanus, the smolt, or sparling; S. lavaretus, the guiniad, is found in the lakes of Cumberland and Wales; S. albula, the juvangis, is said to have been carried from England in to Scotland by Robert Bruce; S. thymallus, the grey ling.
Genus .Esox : E. osseus, the great gar-fish, is taken off the coast of Sussex; E. lucius, the pike; E. belone, the sea pike; E. saurus, the savvy. In Cornwall, where this fish abounds, it is called the skipper.
Genus slrgentina : A. sphyrana, the argentine, has been found in our seas, but is very rare.
Genus Clupea : C. harengus, the herring. According to Pennant, there is sometimes taken near Yarmouth, a herring, distinguished by a black spot above the nose, which has been seen of the great length of 211 inches. C. sprattus, the sprat ; C. alosa, the shad.
Genus Cyprinus : C. barbus, the barbel ; C. carpio, the carp. According to Fuller, this fish was introdu ced into England, in 1514, by Leonard Mascali. C. go bio, the gudgeon; C. tines, the tench ; C. auratus, the
gold fish: this fish was introduced into England about the year 1691, but was not generally known till 1728, when a great number were brought from China, and presented to Sir Matthew Decker, by whom they were distributed in the vicinity of the metropolis. C. phoxi tilts, the minnow ; C. leuciscus, the dace; C. rutilus, the roach; C. brama, the bream.
Entomology.
Order COLEOP•ERA. Genus Scarabcus : Of the 433 species of which this genus consists, upwards of 30 are natives of England. The Scarabeus auratus, golden beetle, is considered one of our most beautiful insects. Scarabens fasciatus is rare in England.
Genus Lucanus. L. cervus, the stag beetle, is the largest of the order Coleoptera found in this country. It is very common in Kent and Sussex.
Genus Dermestes. Of this we have six species.
Genus Bostrichus. 11. piniperda often commits great devastation on the bark of elms in England. There are four species of this genus ; and the same number of the genus Primus, and of the genus Hister. Genus Gyrinus, G. Natator. Genus Byrrhus ; B. pilula, and II. varius. Genus Aithr xnus, A. set ophulatia, and Verbasci. Of the genus Silpha there arc twelve species, of the Nitidula live, and the same number of the genus Cassida. Of the 150 known species of the Coccinella, 17 are very com mon. Of the genus Chrysomcla, C. Banksii is a rare insect here, but is found in the month of May on a thistle : Besides this, we possess upwards of 30 other Species. Neat ly 20 species of the genus C, ilitocepha Ins, which was formerly arranged as Chrysomela, are met with. We have only one species of the Bruchus, 13. scabrosus. Of the genus Curcu/io there are upwards of 60 species, four of the .4ttc/abus, two of the Woloxus. Of the Ceraniby.r., very few are natives ; C. coriarius is the largest species. C. violaccus is very rare, and is supposed to have been introduced from Germany. Of the Leptura there are six species, of the Necydalis three. Of the Lampyris, only two species are caught here, and they are by no means common even in the south of England. We have one species of the Rolla, 11 of the Cuntharis, IS' of the Elater, four of the Cieindela. The C. aquatica is the least of our species. Very few of the numerous genus Buprestis are natives of England, only eight having been found. There are four of the Hydro phylus, 1.: or the Dytiscus. Amongst the species of the Carabus, or ground beetle, arc found some of our lamest insects: We possess 26 species of it; two of the Tene brio, five of the ; only one of the Lytta, L. niti dula ; two of the Melee ; M. tetra is found in Epping Forest, in July ; five of Mordella ; 15 of Staphilinus ; two of For:fie:11a : F. minor, however, is not common.