WARWICKSHIRE, one of the inland counties of England, extends about 48 miles from N. to S., and is about 32 miles broad. Its area is 902 the third corr..u1ship of Hadrian, the /eknieh/ or Rylenild Street, and the minor road of Ridgeway, which borders on Warwickshire. The Roman sta tions in and near the county are Aleester and Tripontium at Lilburn. The principal Roman camps are on the Foss-way, and on the Avon, where Ostorius constructed a chain of minor forti fications. Roman tumuli and coins are common. Among the more modern antiquities may be enu merated Kenilworth Castle, now in a dilapidated condition; Maxtoke Castle, a huge pile of building; the Cistertian Convent of Comb Abbey; the school house at Rugby, and the house at Stratford which gave birth to Shakspeare.
square miles, or 577,280 statute acres. The rent of land is X645,137, beside the amount of tithe, which is £26, 122. The annual value of a square mile is .12299. The county is divided into four hundreds, exclusive of the city of Coventry, which, with its liberties, occupies 18,000 acres.
The greater part of Warwickshire is that of a level district, with few and gentle undulations. Hence it is well enclosed, and exhibits but little waste land. The pasture land is calculated at 300,000 acres, 100,000 of which is cut for hay. The soil is various, and suited to different systems of agriculture. The usual crops are wheat and barley, oats, peas, beans, and tares. Turnips are extensively and skilfully cultivated. Rye, potatoes, and flax, are also raised. Various kinds of stock are reared on the pasture lands, but the long horned cow is the most common breed. The an cient Warwickshire sheep of the large polled kind have been judiciously crossed with the Leicester breed, and an admirable variety has been the result.
The most elevated points of land in this county arc- at Corley, and in the neighbourhood of Pack ington. From this ridge the streams run into the Avon on one side, and thence into the Bristol Channel. On the other side they flow into the
Blythe, Tame, Trent, and Humber. The principal streams are the Avon, the Tame, the Learn, the Stour, the Rea, the Arrow, the Anker, the Aloe, the Swift, the Blythe, the Dove, and the Cole. The Avon alone is navigable for barges from Stratford to its junction with the Severn.
The principal minerals in Warwickshire are coal, limestone, ironstone, freestone, blue flagstone, marl, and blue clay. The best coal, which is a seam three or four feet thick, is at Bedworth, an ironstone vein was previously wrought near to Oldbury. The chief medicinal springs are those of Leamington Priors, and Newenham Regis. The former contains neutral and sulphureous salts, with carbonate of iron, and are much resorted to for vis ceral obstructions, and cuticular affections. The latter are a weak chalybeate, and are in less re quest than they once were.
Warwickshire is celebrated for its manufactures. Those of Birmingham, Warwick, and Coventry, have already been described under these articles, and in our article ENGLAND. Calico-printing is carried on extensively at Tani worth. Horn-combs of all kinds are made at Kenilworth. At Alcester about 900 persons are employed in making needles, and in other parts of the county there are con siderable manufactories for flax, and a great deal of linen yarn spun.
The trade of this county is greatly facilitated by the following canals: the Grand Junction, the Bir mingham Old Canal, the Birmingham and Fazeley, the Warwick and Birmingham, the Worcester and Birmingham, the Coventry, the Warwick and Nap ton, the Stratford, and the Ashby-de-la-Zouch Canal, all of which are fully described in our ar ticle NAVIGATION, Inland.
Among the antiquities of this county may be enumerated the Roman Roads of Trailing Street, which divides the county from Leicestershire, the Fossnay, which is supposed to have been formed in