Eight hundred turns of the wheel are a mile. Any person preferling Scotch measure may have the wheel made to measure 7.4 feet." 01110, state of the United States; bounded by Ohio river or Virginia, south-east ; Ohio river or Ken tucky, south ; Indiana, west ; Alichigan territory and lake Erie, north ; and Pennsylvania, north-east.
Ohio has an interior boundary, on Ohio river, from the mouth of Little Beaver, to that of the Gicat Alianta, 440 miles.
Due north from the mouth of Great Aliama, north latitude 39° 07', to north latitude 41° 35', 170 Thence due east to Lake Erie, - - - - 80 Thence along the south-east shore of Erie, 130 Thence along the western boundary of Penn sylvania, 93 I-raving an outline of 933 Area 40,000 = 23,600,000 acres. North latitude 38° 29'. 41° 59'.
The longest line in the state of Ohio, north-east and south-west, is 300 miles. Its width between Pensacola and Indiana '227 miles.
Though not marked by any of those bold and sublime features which are peculiar only to tnountainous coun tries, Ohio presents some very remarkable traits, which call forth the utmost attention of the statist and philoso pher.
In my introductory view, I gave a general outline of this part of the Ohio valley, in order to account for the structure of its exterior. 'ro which remarks we may again recur.
When it is known that the vale in which the Ohio flows is from 300 to 400 feet below the common level of the adjacent country, and when it is also known, that an immense table land extends through the state in nearly a not th-east and south-west direction, the origin of the phenomena, which serve to form its physiognomy, is easily traced. The rugged appearance of the Ohio banks in all their extent give an idea of unevenness to the state, which an examination of its interior must cor rect.
Like all other sections of the United States, Ohio can not be designated by any general character ; and similar to every newly settled part of our country, front the at tention of early emigrants being natorally turned towards the best soil, the liver alluvion and licit prairie margins have contributed to give too high colouring. to descrip tions of its lands.
As far as a general view can be adopted, the following may exhibit the great outlines of the state.
Fifty or sixty miles from the Ohio river hilly, and in part ery rugged ; formed by abrasion of water.
The tegion in the rear of the hilly is not level, though not rising into hills ol any considerable elevation; it is rollinet. land, and presents features in exact accordance with what must arise from the theory we have adopted. The country becoming more level approaching the ir. terior table land ; until finally smoothing into the elt vated plain from which the rivers flow into Lake Erie, or into Ohio river.
'File third variety is that of the plains, or table land. This natural section contains very various species of soil, from rich river alluvion and prairie to sterile oak barrens and marshes: the latter to considerable extent.
Another remarkable natural section ol Ohio lies along. Lake Erie. The slope of the country rises gradually from Ohio river towards the sources of Muskingum, and Cuyahoga. On the latter, a sudden and much more inclined depression falls towards the lake. This divid ing line, for ridge it cannot be called, does not conform to the bearings of Elie. At the north-east angle of the state its apex is within three miles, whilst towards the sources of Alaumee, it has receded above 100 miles from the lake.
A series of falls interrupt every river of Ohio flow ing into Erie. Those which flow into Ohio river, except Aluskingum, though all are rapid in their descent, none have falls. 'Ilte small cataract at Muskingum, in Zanes ville, is the last water-fall in any stream of magnitude worthy notice, on the north-western slope of the Ohio basin. It may not be irrelevant to remark, that on all the vast extent west from Zanesville to the sources of the Plate and Kansas rivers, and north•west to the sources of Yellow Stone and Missouri rivers, no cataract worthy notice has been discovered. Below the Great Kenhawa, on the south-eastern slope, their occurcence is equally rare. The rapids of Ohio and Muscle shoals, in Ten nessee, are the only approaches to falls, and both are merely strong rapids; the latter only obstructing up stream, both admitting down-stream navigation. Indeed exemption from impedirnents.to commercial intercourse may be constantly kept in view, as one of the most feli citous features of the whole Mississippi basin. An ex emption found to an equal extent no where else on the globe, except in the basins of the Plate, Amazon, and Oronoco rivers, in South almerica.