CARLSBAD, or WARY, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Saatz, situated on the river Eger, and celebrated for its hot springs, which were discovered in 1370, by Charles IV. while he was hunting. This town, which is now much frequented as a watering place, contains se veral public buildings, such as the church, the Hotel de Ville, the new theatre, the hall of Bohemia, and that of Saxony. The part of the town called the Wiese, or the Meadow, is the most healthy and agreeable quarter of the town. It consists of a long range of houses, before which is an esplanade adorned with fine chesnut trees, and which stretch even to the banks of the river Toepel. The lower story of the houses is occupied by shops and work houses. Carlsbad is most frequented in the months of June and July. The principal manufactures of the place are, works of tin and Damascus steel ; and the arms fabricated here arc known over the whole of Eu rope. The principal spring, called the Sprudel, dis charges, with great velocity, about 352 cubic feet of water hourly, through a curious natural vault, or inerut trim) of stalactite, and has a temperature of 165° of Pahrenheit. An esplanade and a line salloon, built by IN1. de Saldern, the Rus,ian minister, serves as a prom• nade to those who drink the waters. The Xcubrunnen, or New Spring, is not so warm ar the former. It has, however, been in great request for sonic years, and set • rid changes have been proposed on the basin which re ceives it. Ilere is the Muhl•nbad and the Theresien brunnen, with a house built by the Empress Maria Theresa, the lower story of which contains very line baths and apartments for the bathers. The Schloss
brunnen, or Spring of the Castle, has been more recently discovered. It contains more fixed air than the rest, and has a temperature from 120° to 125° of Fahrenheit. The Katt(' &nesting is another excellent spring, which issues out of a rock of granite behind the b•asiery, but has no basin. It is covered with a stratum of fixed air, about live inches thick.
According to the experiments of Klaproth, One hun dred cubic inches of the Carlsbad Neater contains, The waters of Carlsbad are used in a great variety of disorders, but particularly in dyspeptic complaints, ob structions of the abdominal viscera, diseases of the uri nary passages and kidneys, and in the, uterine system in females. About live pints, divided into fourteen cups, are drunk at an average by each individual every day. Several hundred pounds of sulphate Of soda are annual ly prepared from the water. The regular population of Carlsbad is about 3000; and in the years 1799 and 1800, about 3000 strangers came to take the benefit of the baths. E. Long. 12° N. Lat. 50° 14' 58". Sec D. Becher, .4bhandlung iiber etas Carlsbad, 1789, 3 vols. 8vo. ; Beschreibung von Carlsbad, Prag.; Carlsbad and die undiegcnde G egend von Hubert von Earrcr, Prag. 1801, 8vo. ; and Klaproth, Recherches chymiques sur les (aux de Carlsbad, Berlin, 1770, 8vo. (1r)