The different anchors carried by a ship are bower, sheet, stream, stern, and kedge anchors The bower anchors are so called from their be ing stowed in the bow. When one bower an hor is heavier than the other it is called the est bower and is stowed on the starboard side. >heet anchors are stowed in the waist of he ship as far forward as convenient. The tream anchor is used in a river or sheltered dace where a large anchor is not required. M i Me stern anchor is stowed in the stern, and s employed with a bower anchor where there s no room for a vessel to swing with the tide. Die kedge anchor is used to warp a ship from dace to place; that is, the anchor is carried to distance in a boat, and the ship is then pulled ip to it by means of the cable. A large iron lad carries eight anchors: two bower, two ,heet and two kedge anchors, with one stream Lnd one stern anchor. The anchor is said to ie a-peak when the cable is perpendicular be ween the hawse and the anchor; and to come tome when it does not hold the ship. To shoe in anchor is to fix boards upon the flukes so hat it may hold better in a soft bottom. Rid ng at anchor is the state of the vessel when noored by the anchor or anchors. Dropping tr casting anchor is letting it down into the iea. Weighing anchor is raising it from the
tottom. A mooring anchor is a stationary an -hor in a harbor or roadstead, with i buoy at ached to it by a cable, enabling a ship to moor simply fastening itself to a ring-bolt on the puoy. These anchors should not project above he bottom, or the ship may receive injury by ;rounding on them. Mooring anchors are of ,arious kinds, and in some cases a heavy block )f stone or cast iron serves as such. One of :he most powerful mooring anchors yet in rented consists of a wrought-iron shaft with a pointed screw end, and near the lower end a :ast-iron screw flange three and one-half feet ,n diameter. The anchor is screwed down into the solid ground, and its holding power is more than equal to that of a :ast-iron anchor weighing seven tons. The making of anchors used to be a most formidable piece of smith work, but it has been much facilitated by the invention of the steam hammer. The shank of a large anchor, nearly 20 feet long and 10 or 12 inches thick, requires to be built up of a number of bars of iron which are then welded together. Crucible steel is now to some extent used for anchors.