Bibliography.—.Memoirs of Emerson in various forms began to appear even before his death in 1882, the first good one being by G. W. Cooke (Boston 1881), (Ralph Waldo Emerson, His Life, Writings and Philosophy' ; followed in 18f32 by Alcott's last book, (An Estimate of Emerson's Character and Genius in Prose and Verse.) In lt383, supplemented in 1885, appeared (The Correspondence of Carlyle and Emerson,' edited by Prof. C. E. Norton, containing much not found in any biography of either. (The Genius and Character of Emerson, Lectures at the Concord School of Philosophy) (Boston 1884) contains estimates by 12 or 15 literary and philosophic friends. The authentic biography is (A Memoir of Ralph Waldo Emerson) by J. Elliot Cabot (Boston 1887); the best brief biography is Dr. Ftichard Garnett's (Life of Ralph Waldo Emerson) (London 1888). Dr. E. W. Emerson's (Emerson in Concord, a Memoir) (Boston 1889), is a supplement to Cabot's memoir, dealing chiefly with Concord incidents. The largest recent addition to our knowledge of Emerson's life and writing is found, however, in Dr. Emerson's 12 volumes
of the Centenary edition of 1904, containing at least 1,000 pages of new matter, with many dates and incidents not elsewhere recorded (Boston 1903-04). Consult also (Letters from Ralph Emerson to a Friend,) edited by C. E. Norton (ib. 1899) ; Cooke, G. W., (Bibliogra phy of Ralph Waldo Emerson) (ib., 1908); Howells, (Literary Friends and Acquaintance) (New York 1900) • Eliot, (Emerson as a Seer) (Boston 1904) ; dorley, John, (Critical Miscel lanies) (Vol. I, London 1893); Cary, (Emer son, Poet and Thinker) (New York 1904); Sanborn, F. B. of (ib. 1904) ; Dugard, M., 'Ralph Waldo Emerson; sa vie et son oeuvre' (Paris 1907) • Harrison, I. S., of Emerson) (New York 1910); Maeterlinck, Maurice, and other Essays' (English trans., ib. 1912). An extensive literature concerning Emerson exists in French, German and Italian, and he is studied to some extent in Scandinavia, Russia, Greece, Persia and India. The autobiographies of M. D. Conway and A. D. White (1904-05) contain something on these points.