1600; representatives must have a freehold of 1100 or "any ratable estate" to the value of #200; and a governor "must be seised, in his own right, of a freehold, within the commonwealth, of the value of In New Hampshire eligibility to the lower branch of the legisla ture consisted of being a Protestant and pos sessing an estate worth 1100; a freehold of 1100 above all debts in New York; a "personal estate* in New Jersey; a freehold of 1500 in Maryland; in North Carolina an assemblyman Some of the early constitutions required that a governor should be native born, but Connecti cut (1818) merely required citizenship, Massa chusetts (1817) a citizenship of 20 years and Illinois (1818) a citizenship of 30 years. At the present time citizenship is almost univer sally required of a State office-holder but the term of residence varies widely — from the bare fact of residence to residence for 10 years next preceding the election. The same vari ance is seen in the age requirements, ranging from 21 to 35 for governors, 21 to 30 for sena tors and 21 to 25 for representatives while in some States the only requirement for the last two offices is to be a duly qualified elector and some constitutions contain no limitations what ever. The preceding table gives the terms of office of governors and State senators and rep resentatives, together with their age require ments and the necessary period of residence in State or district.
Few of the State constitutions place any limitations on the judiciary, though some con tain exceptional provisions. Oregon requires that her judges be citizens, residents of the State for three years and residents of the dis tricts wherein they discharge their official du ties. California stipulates that members of the Supreme Court shall be attorneys licensed to practice before the court, while in Colorado and New Mexico the attorney-general must be a lawyer licensed to practise before the Su preme Court. In all States, save those having woman suffrage,- the constitutions restrict vot ing to ((male citizens" but many constitutions are silent regarding office-holding and therefore women have gradually established their right to hold elective offices. But this privilege has been denied them in States the constitutions of which expressly provide that elective office holders must possess the qualifications of elec tors. Most of the minor State offices are not subjected to constitutional provisions but are regulated by legislative enactment, many of them coming under the civil service laws.