GREGORY, Caspar Rene, American theo logian : b. Philadelphia, 9 Nov. 1846; d. France, 9 April 1917. He was the son of Henry Duval Gregory (1819-97) the American classical educator; his great-grandfather was a French soldier named Gregoire who had settled in Santo Domingo about the middle of the 18th century. On graduating from the University of Pennsylvania in IE.& Gregory taught for three years at a classical academy in Philadel phia of which his father was principal 1845 72. Meanwhile he studied at the reformed Pres byterian theological seminary in that city and later at Princeton theological seminary, whence he was graduated in 1873. Here he assisted in the production of Professor Hodges' (Syste matic Theology,' revising manuscripts and proof. In 1873 he went to Europe, visiting England, Germany and Switzerland, continu ing his studies in Leipzig, where he received his Ph.D. degree and settled as pastor of the American chapel, 1878-79. In 1884 he was attached to the theological faculty of the University of Leipzig, becoming successively privat-docent, professor extraordinary, and ordinary honorary professor. During 1883 he traveled through Europe visiting libraries and universities to study Greek New Testament manuscripts; on the same quest he later visited Greece, Mount Athos and Constantinople.
On the outbreak of the European War in 1914 Gregory, who had then been domiciled in Ger many about 40 years, volunteered as a private in the German army. He celebrated his 70th birthday at the front on 9 Nov. 1916, when he was promoted to sergeant-major. On 9 April 1917 he was killed by a shell splinter which penetrated the room where he was lying with a crushed leg caused by falling from his horse. Gregory's contributions to theology were con siderable, and numerous honors were conferred on him. During 1898 and 1901, and again in 1911-12 he made a lecturing tour through the United States and Canada. In 1876 he be came assistant editor of Leipzig Theologiscke Literatur-Zeitung. He was elected to the chair of New Testament Greek in Johns Hopkins University in 1885, but declined the appoint ment. In 1891 he became a member of the American Philosophical Society and received the degree of D.Th. at Leipzig in 1893. He translated Luthardt's (Origin of the Fourth Gospel) into English and published cahiers des mss. Frecs) (1885); Prolegomena to Tischendorf s Testamentum Grace); des neuen Testaments' (1900-09) ; 'The Writings of Charles Weslsey (1910); (Vorschlage fiir eine kritische Ausgabe des neuen Testaments' (1911).