GUIDES, in military affairs, persons drawn from the country in which an army is en camped to lead troops in night operations or through a strange country; also non-commis sioned officers or- other enlisted men who take positions to mark the pivots, marches, forma tions and alignments in modern tactics. When civilians are drawn from a hostile population, and have probably only a pecuniary interest in serving well, their conduct is always watched with the utmost jealousy, death being the pun ishment for the least lack of trustworthiness. The absence of large-scale maps, previous to 1800, made the employment of guides almost essential and guide officers were specially trained by most of the armies of Europe. With the advent of adequate surveys and large-scale military maps the need for guides disappeared in great part and they are now seldom heard o f.
GUIDI,
Carlo Alessandro, Italian poet: b. Pavia, 1650; d. Frascati, 1712. He played an important part in the founding of the °L'Arcadie Academy at Rome, and did much to restore the vigor and dignity of Italian lyric poetry. A certain restraint and conventionality is characteristic of his work. His chief patrons were Rancuccio II,