The various schools and departments of Harvard University now comprise: (1) Har vard College and the Graduate School, estab lished in 1872 for students making original re search. In 1916 there were in attendance 3,017 students under the faculty of arts and science. Of this number 598 were in the graduate school and were engaged in original research. For the students of this school who are engaged in original investigations there is available a num ber of fellowships, at present 41, which are from $400 to $1,200. The Edward Austin Fel lowship and the Austin Teaching Fellowship are given only to resident graduate students. Some of the fellowships may be given to per sons pursuing their studies in other parts of the country or abroad: but non-resident ap pointments are given only to persons who have been resident students in some department of the university. (2) The law school has been mentioned. The attendance in 1916 was 788. (3) The divinity school, already noticed, has an attendance of 64. (4) The medical school, founded in 1782, and the dental school, estab lished in 1867, were united in 1899 and are in charge of the faculty of medicine. The school is located in Boston. The attendance in 1918 was, in the medical school, 387; in the dental school, 271. Tice new buildings erected since 1903 for the accommodation of the medical de partments are second to none other in the world. There are seven separate buildings; the cehtral structure and two of the side pavilions are provided for by the gift of $1,000,000 from J. Pierpont Morgan and $1,000,000 from other friends. The site comprises 26 acres, in Brook line, about three miles from the main buildings of the university in Cambridge. (5) The Grad uate School of Business Administration, found ed in 1908, had an enrolment of 190 in 1916. (6) The Bussey Institute, a school of agricul ture and horticulture, was established in 1870 in accordance the will of Benjamin Bussey, It is at Jamaica Plain, in the southwestern part of Boston. (7) The Arnold Arboretum, estab lished in 1872, is devoted to scientific research in forestry, dendrology and arboriculture. It was founded under the will of James Arnold. It is practically a large park containing about 220 acres, and is located in West Roxbury. (8) The astronomical observatory was estab lished in 1843 by means of a public subscription. The Sears Tier was built in 1846 and two years later Edward Bromfield Phillips bequeathed to the university the sum of $100,000 for the obser vatory; this early bequest has since been sup plemented by many others, so that the observa tory now has an endowment of about $900,000. It has a director and four other professors and 40 assistants. A branch station is established on a mountain 8,000 feet high, near Arequipa, Peru. The annals of the observatory fill about 50 volumes. Among the more important in struments are the 15-inch and 6-inch equatorial telescopes, the 8-inch transit-circle, the 11-inch Draper photographic telescope, the 8-inch photo graphic telescope and the meridian photometer. A special grant has recently been made by the Carnegie Institution for the study of the col lection of photographs at the Harvard Obser vatory. The amount of material, including photographs and photographic charts of the sky that has been collected in this department, requires a special building for its accommoda tion. (9) The university library, including the libraries of the schools and departments, con tains about 1,181,635 volumes and 701,358 pam phlets. (10) The Gray Herbarium, so named because it contains the herbarium of Asa Gray (q.v.), presented to the university in 1864. (11) The university museum is made up of the following collections: the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology; the Museum of Comparative Zoology, established in 1859 by private subscription, State aid and the collection of Louis Agassiz, and valuable gifts from his son; the Mineralogical Museum, established in 1890-91 • the Semitic Museum, completed in 1902; the William Hayes Fogg Art Museum, completed in 1895; and the Germanic Museum, established in 1902. (12) The botani
cal garden, established in 1809, covers about seven acres and contains thousands of plants for scientific study.
Great credit is due Harvard for its leader ship in the movement to better the teaching of the English language and literature in the schools of the country. Harvard mentioned the subject in its catalogue of 1865-66; an an nouncement was made in the catalogue of 1869 70 that aStudents would be examined, as early as possible after their admission, in In 1874, for the first time, every applicant for admission to Harvard was required to present English composition. The report of the com mittee who visited the preparatory schools to ascertain what they were doing with the subject of English, the discussions by educators on the anew demand of Harvard," the progress of the movement, the grand results, all now are parts of the "'History of Education" of America.
The university summer school gives short courses of study under the charge of a commit tee of the faculty of arts and sciences, and is held in the college buildings during the sum mer vacation. The school is popular and has had a large attendance each year. In 1910 the students numbered about 700. Athletics are provided for — two fields of 24 acres each and the Hemenway gymnasium furnish opportuni ties for physical training. The stadium erected on Soldiers' Field has a seating capacity of about 30,000. It is shaped like the letter with the open space toward the Charles River. It is of steel and concrete construction. The mezzanine floor under the seats, the promenade above the seats, the stairs, the perfect arrange ment of all the parts make this stadium a model of construction. It was built under the aus pices of the class of '79. A club house, called the Harvard Union, was donated by Henry Lee Higienson in 1901. The Phillips Brooks house is used for religious meetings. In 1903 Har vard received a valuable collection of plaster replicas of Germanic art; a number of them were given by Emperor William II of Ger many. Among them is a replica of the eques trian statue of the Great Elector by Schiilter, one of Frederick the Great, by Schadow, a cast of the golden gate of the cathedral of Freiburg, the bronze door of Hildesheim Cathedral, on which is the Biblical story of Creation, the wood screen of Naumburg Cathedral and several other reproductions of great value.
In 1915 the Widener Memorial Library was completed. This building was erected by Mrs. George D. Widener of Philadelphia in memory of her son, Harry Elkins Widener, a graduate of Harvard in the class of 1907, who lost his life with the sinking of the Titanic.
In 1918, the number of members of the cor poration was 7; of overseers, 30; of professors and instructors, tutors and assistants, 831; of students in all the schools and departments, 5,731. In 1915 the invested funds ,of the uni versity amounted to $28,177,578; the annual in come was $3,032,999, and bequests and gifts amounted to $1,220,021. Harvard has had 23 presidents, including the present incumbent, Abbott Lawrence Lowell. There are 13 periodicals which represents the interests of the university as a whole, and of special schools and departments.
Quincy, 'The History of Harvard University' ; Thayer, 'Historical Sketch of Harvard University/ ; Hill, 'Harvard College by an Oxonian' • Peabody, 'Harvard Graduates Whom I Have known' ; Bush, 'His tory of
; Eliot, 'A Sketch of the History of Harvard University' ; Thayer, '