JACOB WITTMER HARTMANN, Assistant Professor of German Language and Literature, The College of the City of New York.
GliTZLAFF, guts'laf, Karl Friedrich August, German • missionary: b. Pyritz, Pomerania, 8 July 1803; d. Hongkong, 9 Aug. 1851. After studying at Halle and at the mis sionary school at Berlin, he went to Batavia, Java, under the auspices of the Netherlands Missionary Society in 1826. Two years later he went to Singapore independently; and from there to Siam, where he prepared a Siamese translation of the Bible. From 1829-31 he was occupied with the publication of a dictionary of Cochin Chinese. In these labors he was as sisted by his wife who died in the last named year. Giitzlaff went next to Macao and then to Hongkong, where he continued to preach, and also translated the Bible into Chinese. During the same time he published a magazine and a number of books on practical subjects in Chinese. In 1835 he was appointed joint Chinese secretary to the English commission and rendered important service in the Anglo Chinese negotiations in 1842. In 1844 he es tablished a school for the training of Chinese missionaries, which was most successful in its work. Gfitzlaff was untiring and zealous in his missionary as well as in his scholarly labors, and stands out prominently among the early pioneers of Christian workers and interpreters of the Orient. Besides the works already men tioned, he published 'Journal of Three Voy ages along the Coast of China in 1831, 1832 and 1833' (London 1834) 'Sketch of Chinese His tory, Ancient and Modern' (2 vols., London
1834); 'China Opened) (ib. 1838; German ed., Stuttgart 1847) ' • 'Life of Taon-Kwang, Late Emperor of China' (1851, German ed. at Leipzig 1852). He also stimulated much interest in Chinese affairs by his addresses in Europe, and inspired a number of able men to continue his work. The library at Munich contains a complete collection of his writings in Chinese.
GUY, Thomas, English philanthropist: founder of Guy's Hospital, London: b. about 1645; d. 27 Dec. 1724. His principal income arose from the disreputable purchase of sea men's prize tickets in Queen Anne's War, and from his dealings in South Sea stock in 1720. By these speculations, aided by most penurious habits, he amassed a fortune of nearly half a million pounds sterling. It was said of him that he almost starved his bookbinders, and (gave but a few farthings to the poor in his lifetime.* He, however, assisted his poor rela tions, and was liberal in setting up deserving young men in business. He spent upward of $1,000,000 in building and endowing his hospi tal in Southwark. • He also erected almshouses at Tamworth, furnished three wards of Saint Thomas' Hospital, and benefited Christ's Hos pital and various other charities. He was member of Parliament for Tamworth 1695 1707.