HEMMETER, John Cohnheini, American physician, physiologist and musical author: b. Baltimore, Md., 25 April 1863. He received his early education in the public schools of Balti more, and was graduated at Baltimore City College. Later he studied at the Royal Gym nasium, Wiesbaden, where he remained six years. Returning to Baltimore he took his de gree of doCtor of medicine at the University of Maryland, then entered the Johns Hopkins University, where the degree of doctor of philosophy was conferred on him in 1893. He holds the degree of doctor of science honoris causa from the University of Maryland and of doctor of laws from Saint John's College, Annapolis. Has been consultant to many hos pitals in the city of Baltimore. Holds the position of professor of physiology and clinical professor of medicine and director of the physiologic laboratory of the University of Maryland. He is one of the editors of the Archives for Digestive Diseases published in Berlin; also associate editor of the Interna tional Contributions to Diseases of Digestion and Metabolism, edited by Prof. Adolf Bickel of Berlin. Dr. Hemmeter is the author of the first complete work in the English language on diseases of the stomach. His work,
led to a method of treating gastric ulcers and other conditions of the stomach requiring ab solute rest of the organ by introducing a duodenal tube through the stomach into the upper part of the intestine and injecting the food directly into the intestine, skipping the stomach, as it were. It was found that con ditions defying all other treatment healed when the stomach was thus absolutely put to rest. Dr. Hemmeter is also a musical author and has published a cantata for male chorus and full orchestra, entitled
One of his most recent works is a 'Manual of Physiology' (1912). Being a physiologist as well as a musician, Dr. Hemmeter was singularly fitted to investigate the physiologic and anatomic foundations of piano technique and of vocal tone production. He studied the neuromuscu lar co-ordinations necessary in piano technique; also the effect of music on blood pressure and the central conducting paths for tone sensa tions, the object being to place piano technique, as well as vocal tone production, on a physio logic basis. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; member of the Physiologic Society of Ger many; one of the presidents at the last Inter national Congress for Physiology held at Groningen, Holland, 1913; member of the Ger man Congress for Internal Medicine; member of the Imperial German Academy of Natural Sciences; Kaiserlin, Carolin, Leopoldin, Aka demieder Naturforscherl; member of the Im perial Association of Austrian Physicians, Vienna; Fellow of the Royal Society of
England, and member of the Accademie di Scienze, Italy.