HOHENLOHE - SCHILLINGSPtJRST, ha-en-lO'e shfllings-fiirst, Chlodwig Karl Vic tor, PRINCE VON, German Chancellor: b. Roten burg-an-der-Fulda, March 1819; d. Ragatz, Switzerland, 6 July 1901. He took courses in law and political science at Heidelberg, Gottin gen and Bonn. He entered public life and became in 1866 Prime Minister of Bavaria. In 1874 he was German Ambassador to France and in 1885 became governor-general of Alsace Lorraine. In 1894 he was appointed Chancellor and resigned in 1900.
House of, a German dynasty reigning from 1138 to 1254. After the death of the emperor, Henry V (1125), his two nephews, Frederick II, Duke of Swabia, and Conrad, Duke of Franconia, aspired to the German crown; but were opposed by the directors of the election, the archbishop of Mayence and the papal legate; and Lothaire of Saxony was elected. The circumstance, with the demand made by the new emperor of the restitution of all the possessions acquired by the lords of Hohenstaufen during the preceding reign, produced a fierce war between the em peror and the two brothers. Lothaire preserved himself by a union with Henry the Proud, Duke of Bavaria, to whom he gave his daughter and the duchy of Saxony. The Peace of Miihl hausen (1135), between Lothaire and Conrad, put an end to this Ten Years' War. Conrad renounced his title of king of Italy which he had taken, but received the first rank among the dukes, and both he and his brother regained all their lands. After Lothaire's death (1137)
Conrad, Duke of Franconia, of the house of Hohenstaufen, was raised to the throne of Germany, with the title of Conrad III. After the death of Conrad III (1152) the confidence which was felt in the Hohenstaufen family caused the choice to fall on his nephew, Fred erick III of Swabia, called Barbarossa (the Red-beard), who was followed by Henry VI (1190), and he again by Otto IV (1197) and Frederick II (1215-50), all belonging to the same house. After the death of Frederick II his son Conrad was acknowledged as his succes sor, with the title of Conrad IV, by most of the states of the empire; but Innocent IV laid him under an interdict and declared him to be de prived of all his lands. The conflict between Conrad and the Pope lasted until the latter's death in 1254. The fame of the house of Ho henstaufen is based upon the political greatness to which the Fredericks in particular attained; their success in reducing to order all the states of the empire; the encouragement which they gave to commerce and trade and their efforts to promote the sciences and arts.