HOOD, John Bell, American soldier: b. Owingsville, ICy., 29 June 1831; d. New Or leans, La., 30 Aug. 1879. He was graduated at West Point in 1853 and bore a commission in the United States army till 1861 when he joined the army of secession. The•part he took in the Virginia campaign gained for him the rank of major-general and at Gettysburg his division made a gallant record in its position at the ex treme right of the Confederate line. He took part in the battle of Chickamauga on 19-20 Sept 1863, having come to Tennessee to the support of. General Bragg. When General Johns ion was endeavoring in the spring of 1864 to impede Sherman's advance on Atlanta, Hood was a lieutenant-general in his army and his corps, on 25 May 1864, was attacked by Hooker at New Hope Church. He succeeded Johnston the following July in the command of the Army, of Tennessee, fought the battle of Peach Creek with Sherman 20 July 1864, but was compelled to retire behind the fortifications of Atlanta. After the battle of Jonesboro he retired Atlanta, which was entered by Sherman. His
attack on the forces under Schofield at Frank lin being repulsed, he proceeded to Nashville, where he met General Thomas. Thomas ad vanced from his entrenchment% on 15 December, and a two-days' battle ensued. Federal prep aration had been carefully and deliberately made. A general attack on the afternoon of 16 December caused the entire Confederate line to giye way. Soon Hood's army was in full retreat toward. Franklin, the larger' part of it lin great 'eon fusion, according to Hood's offi dal report. After a nint•days', purWit by the Federals, the remnant of the Confederates, now largely disintegrated crossed the Tennessee, Hood, at his request, was relieved of his com mand. Subsequent to the war he was a com mission merchant at New Orleans. He wrote (Advance and Retreat : Personal Experiences in the United States and Confederate States Armies' (1880), and articles for '(Battles and Leaders of the Civil War' (1887). Consult these works; see also NASHVILLE, CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE OF.