1 Physical Geography
1. Physical Geography. Geo Graphical Position.- Italy Lies In The South Of Europe And Is In The Middle Of The Two Other Southern Peninsulas-spain And Greece, Forming The Extreme European Extensions To Ward Africa And Asia. Italy Is Almost In The Middle Of The Temperate;zone. The Diktanee Of Its Various ...
1 Topography Of Japan
1. Topography Of Japan. Along The Pacific Coast Of The Asiatic Continent Lies The Archipelago Of Japan, Stretching From The Southwest To The Northeast. It Consists Of Three Large Arcs, With Their Convex Side Turned Toward The Ocean. The Principal Arc, Which Is Situated In The Middle, Consists Of Four ...
10 Communal And Provincial
10. Communal And Provincial Administration. Local Government —the Local Government In Italy Is Adminis Tered Partly By Bureaucratic Functionaries Ap Pointed By The Central Government And Partly By Independent Civic Corporations Under The Administration Of Officials Elected By The People. Many Of The Public Services Have In Various Portions Of ...
10 Education In Japan
10. Education In Japan. Introduc Tion.— In 270 A.d. The King Of Korea Sent His Ambassador To The Imperial Court Of Japan. This Led To The Adoption Of The Chinese Learn Ing, Which, For More Than 1,000 Years, Was The Most Important Factor In The Japanese Educa Tional System. From ...
11 Department Of Justice
11. Department Of Justice. Justice, In Civil And Penal Matters, Is Admin Istered In Italy By Justices Of Peace, County Judges (etretors), Tribunals, Appellate Courts, Assizes, And The Supreme Courts. Special Laws Regulate The Jurisdiction Of Mili Tary And Naval Crimes. A College Of Officials Of The Public Ministry Is ...
11 The Religions Of
11. The Religions Of Japan. Pre Liminary Remarks.— The Religious History Of Japan Is Characterized By Incessant Influxes Of Foreign Religions. The Minds Of The People Have Not Remained Wholly Passive Towards These Influences, But A Free And Spontaneous Develop Ment Of Religious Thought And Sentiment Was Almost Impossible. The ...
12 Iapanese Language
12. Iapanese Language, The. No Vital Affinity With Any Other Language Has Been Demonstrated For The Japanese, Though In Its Structure It May Be Grouped With The Uralo Altaic Tongues, In Which Are The Korean And Turkish. By The Late Mr. Hirai Much Labor Was Spent In Showing Its Close ...
12 The Papacy And
12. The Papacy And The Gov Ernment. Italy Has Been Called Upon To Solve The Gravest And Most Important Problem That Has Agitated Modern Europe — That Of The Abolition Of The Temporal Power Of The Pope. We Cannot Here Dwell On The History Of The Rise Of This Power. ...
13 Japanese Literature
13. Japanese Literature. Gen Eral History,—although The Antiquity Of Japan Ese Civilization Cannot Be Compared With That Of China Or Greece, It Dates From A Remote Age. The History Of Japanese Literature Extends Over A Period Of 13 Or 14 Centuries, And It Is There Fore Possible To Give Here ...
1304 74 Francesco Petsarch
Francesco Petsarch, 1304-74. If Dante Was The Last Splendid Representa Tive Of The Middle Ages, Petsarch Was The Ris Ing Sun Of The Renaissance. The First Sang The Mystic Contemplation Of Other-world Ideals, Tht Second Initiated The Study And Observation Of The Human Heart And Of Terrestrial Beauty, And Was ...
1313 75 Giovanni Boccaccio
Giovanni Boccaccio, 1313-75. Boccaccio Was A Scholar Possessed With The Imagination Of A Poet, A Ready Wit And The Charming Manner Which Secured For Him, The Bastard Son Of A Merchant, The Welcome Of Princes And The Love Of A Princess. His Com Prehensive Soul And Rich Nature Epitomize His ...
14 History Of Japanese
14. History Of Japanese Fine Art. In Giving An Outline Of The History Of Japanese Fine Art It Is To Be Noted First That There Are Two Factors: One Which Has Proceeded From The Character And Ability Of The Nation, And The Other From The Influence Of Foreign Civilization. These ...
14 Italian Socialism
14. Italian Socialism. It Has Often Been Remarked That Italy During The 19th Cen Tury, And Especially During The Period Immedi Ately Preceding The Establishment Of United Italy, Contributed Very Little To The Universal Progress Of Science, Letters And Arts. The In Tellectual Activity Of The Nation Was Engrossed In ...
15 Japanese Architecture
15. Japanese Architecture. The Architecture Of Japan, Like That Of China From Which It Is Derived By Way Of Korea, Is Wholly Distinct From Any Of The Styles Of Southern Or Western Asia. It Was Brought To Japan In The 6th Century Of Our Era By Korean Buddhists; There Appears ...
15 The Italian Army
15. The Italian Army. The Ital Ian Army Follows The Political Movement Of The Nation. As The Various Regions Of Italy Were United In A Short Space Of Time To Piedmont, So All The Military Forces Of The Other States Of The Peninsula United Themselves With The Military Legions Of ...
16 Finance And Coinage
16. Finance And Coinage Sys Tem In Japan. Introduction.— After The Restoration, 1868-71, Japan Passed Through Many Sudden And Sweeping Changes In Her Po Litical And Social Affairs. Feudalism Was Abol Ished In Favor Of The Centralization Of Govern Ment, To Be Succeeded By A Representative Form Of Government; The ...
16 The Naval Marine
16. The Naval Marine. The Con, Firmation Of The Italian Unity As An Accom Plished Fact Is Coincident With The Feverish Anx, Iety That Manifested Itself In All The European Countries In The Great Transformation That Occurred In The Marine Service Through The Change From Sailing Vessels To Steamships. At ...
17 Banking System Of
17. Banking System Of Japan. The Progress Of The Banking System In Japan Commenced At The Enactment Of The National Bank Regulations In 1872. The Progress Was Rapid, And At Present (1918), 46 Years After The Enactment, Japan Possesses A Complete System Of Ordinary And Savings Banks; Special Banks To ...
17 Religion In Italy
17. Religion In Italy. To Repre Sent The Present State And Condition Of Religious Life In Italy Is A Difficult Matter On Account Of Historical And Ethnological Considerations, And Those Who Have Tried To Explain This Religious Life Have Given Expression To The Most Varied And Opposite Opinions On The ...
1794 Jays Treaty
Jay's Treaty, 1794. The Artides Of Confederation Provided That The States Might Nullify At Will Any Provisions Of Whatever Com Mercial Treaty Congress Might Negotiate; Of Course Therefore No Nation With Much Commerce To Be Disturbed By Our Competition Would Make Such Treaties With Us. Our Chief Commerce Was With ...