1 The History And
1. The History And Principles Of Judaism. Judaism Is The Religion Of The Hebrew People And Of That Portion Of The Same To-day Known As Jews.* A Religion Which Has Been Active In The World For So Many Cen Turies Has Naturally Undergone Modification As To Details From Age To ...
10 The Karaites
10. The Karaites. A Jewish Sect Which Took Its Rise In Southern Mesopotamia In The Second Half Of The 8th Century And Which Has Persisted To The Present Day. Several Causes Have Contributed To Its Origin And Continuance, Some Purely Personal, Others Depending Upon A Difference Of View In Regard ...
11 Anti Semitism
11. Anti-semitism. A Term Which Has Received A Special Signification Of Its Own As The Situation Of The Jews In Germany, France, Russia And Elsewhere, In Recent Decades, Has Become More Or Less Acute, Means Opposition To The Jews And Their Religion For Various Rea Sons. Such Enmity, Springing From ...
12 Jury
Jury, 12 Impartial Men, Legally Competent To Act, Who, Under The Sanction Of Their Oaths, Determine By Their Unanimous Verdict The Inno Cence Or Guilt Of The Accused In A Criminal Trial, Or Decide The Issues Of Fact Which Are Contested Between Plaintiff And Defendant In A Civil Trial. The ...
12 Zionism
12. Zionism. Past And The First Basel Congress (1897) Declared That The Movement It Organized °aims At Establishing For The Jewish People A Publicly And Legally Assured Home In Palestine"; But Modern Zionism Is Too Complex To Be Defined By Any Formula. It Is A Broad Stream Wherein Flow, But ...
13 La Ballerina
La Ballerina, 13 Harlfrina Ballet Dancer'). This Short Realistic Novel, By Matilde Serao, Which First Appeared In The Nuova Antologia (no. 165, 1899), And Then In The Form Of A Novel (catania, 2 Vols., 1899) Portrays The Trials Of A Poor Young Neapolitan Girl, Carmela Menino, In Her Efforts To ...
13 The Spirit Of
13. The Spirit Of Rabbinic Leg Islation. In Deut. Iv, 2, Israel Was Told: *ye Shall Not Add Aught To The Word That I Command You, Nor Shall Ye Diminish Aught Therefrom.* In The Course Of Time, However, Many New Laws Unavoidably Crept In, Along With New Outward Conditions, Habits ...
14 La Crosse
La Crosse, 14 Kros', Wis., City And Count'-seat Of La Crosse County, On The Miss River And The Chicago, Milwaukee Paul, The Chicago, Burlington And Quincy, The Chicago And Northwestern And Several Other Railroads, 200 Miles Northwest Of Mil Waukee, And 130 Miles South Of Saint Paul. La Crosse Is ...
14 La Debacle
La Debacle, 14 Da'bild', (
14 La Fontaine
La Fontaine, 14 Fon-ten, Jean De, French Poet: B. Chateau-thierry, Champagne, 8 July 1621; D. Paris, 13 April 1695. He Was The Son Of Charles De La Fontaine, A Forest Ranger Of The Highest Middle Class. Jean Was The Eldest Child And Was Sent To School At Rheims. After Finishing ...
14 La Marmora
La Marmora, 14 Maimo-ra, Alfonso Ferrero, Marquis Of, Italian General And Statesman: B. Turin, 18 Nov. 1804; D. Florence, 5 Jan. 1878. He Was Educated At The Sardinian Military Academy, Was Advanced (1823) To Lieutenant Of Artillery And (1831) Captain. He Distinguished Himself In The War (1848) Against Austria At ...
14 La Moue
La Moue, 14 Noo, Francois De (bras De Fm), Huguenot Captain: B. Near Nantes, 1531; D. Moncontour, 4 Aug. 1591. He Came Of An Ancient Breton Family And Saw Military Service In Italy. He Was In The First Huguenot War And In The Second One Distinguished Him Self By Capturing ...
14 La Salle
La Salle, 14 S41, Jean Baptiste De, French Priest And Educator, Called The Father Of Modern Pedagogy: B. Rheims, 30 April 1651; D. Saint-yon, 7 April 1719. After Completing The Preparatory Course Of Humanities, He En Tered The University Of His Native City Where, At The Age Of 19, He ...
14 La Trappe
La Trappe, 14 Trip', The Name Of A Cis Tercian Abbey Founded By Count Rotrou Of Perche In 1140. It Was Known As Notre Dame De La Maison Dieu And From Its Situation In A Damp, Unhealthy Glen, Accessible Only By A Nar Row Stony Passage Was Called La Trappe ...
14 A Century Of
14. A Century Of Emancipa Tion. Up To The Close Of The 18th Century The Jews Had' No Political Or Civil Rights Anywhere. The Only Serious Attempt At Remedying This State Of Affairs Before That Time Was Made In England In 1753, When Parliament Passed The Jews' Emancipation Bill, But ...
15 The Synagogue
15. The Synagogue. The Origin And Development Of The Synagogue, The Story Of Its Simple Beginnings From The Babylonian Captivity To Its Appearance In Palestine, To Spread From Land To Land With The Dispersion Of The Jewish People; The Gradual Rise Of Synagogue Prayers And Customs, Which Form So Vital ...
16 Reform Judaism
16. Reform Judaism. Reform Jun Daism In America Finds Its Roots In The Begin Ning Of The Reform Movement That Took Place In Germany In The First Quarter Of The 19th Century. The Cause Of The Religious Advance Of The Jew In Europe Was The Breaking Up Of The Ghetto ...
17 Education And The
17. Education And The Jews. The Rise Of Education Among The Jews During The Period Before The Babylonian Exile Is, Like All The Beginnings Of National And Intellectual Life In Antiquity, Enveloped In Obscurity. But Enough Can Be Learned From Many Casual Allu Sions In Biblical Literature To Prove That ...
18 Commerce And The
18. Commerce And The Jews. Commerce Or The Exchange Of Goods Is And Has At All Times Been One Of The Prime Motors Of Civilization. In Antiquity The Phoenicians Were The Great Trading Nation, And Together With The Various Products They Carried From One Land To Another They Spread The ...
19 Food And Health
19. Food And Health Laws. Food Laws.— The Food Laws Of The Jewish People Form A Very Complex System, With Numerous And Diversified Enactments. These Re Fer To The Determination Of The Species Of Animals, Birds, Fish And Insects That May Be Eaten; The Method Of Slaughter; The Inspection Of ...
2 Jewish History I
2. Jewish History. I. Although The Title (jew* Is Not Known Until Israel's Return From The Exile, 536 A.c. (ezr. Iv, 12), Jewish History Precedes The Exile By 2,000 Years. The Progenitor Was Abraham, Who, Hailing From Ur Of The Chaldees, Is Known, Not As A'jew," But As A ((hebrew' ...
20 Jewish Charities
20. Jewish Charities. On 26 April 1655, The Board Of Directors Of The Dutch West India Company Wrote To Governor Stuyvesant As Follows: "after Many Consultations, We Have Decided And Resolved Upon A Certain Petition Made By Said Portuguese Jews, That They Shall Have Permission To Sell And To Trade ...
21 Jews In America
21. Jews In America. Although The Jewish Population Of America Has Been Greatly Increased By Immigration Only Since 1881, Jews Have Been Closely Identified With American His Tory For Centuries. Before Taking Up The History Of The Jews In America, Some Statistics Concerning The Amer Ican-jewish Population At Various Periods ...
22 Present Status Of
22. Present Status Of The Jews Throughout The World. With The Enforced Emigration Which Marks The Jew In Every Age, And To Which' The Past Century Was As Little An Exception As The Present Bids Likely To Prove, It Is Difficult To Regard The Status Of The Jews As Fixed ...
23 Alliance Israelite Uni
23. Alliance Israelite Uni. Verselle. An Organization With Head Quarters At Paris, France, Having For Its Purpose The Protection, Improvement •and Edu Cation Of The Jewish People. Its Activities Have Been Directed, In The Main, Toward Safeguard Ing And Educating Jews In Eastern Europe, Asia Minor And North Africa. During ...
3 The Hebrew Language
3. The Hebrew Language. Origin And Name.— Hebrew Is The Language Of The Ancient Hebrew Nation. It Is A Semitic Lan Guage, That Is To Say, One Of The Great Group Of Languages Spoken In Antiquity And To A Great Ex Tent In Modern Times Also, In Southwestern Asia And ...
4 Jewish Literature I
4. Jewish Literature. I. The He Brew National Literature To 70 A.d.— The Former Belief That In Patriarchal Times Israel Could Have Had No Literature Is Now Disproved. The Code Of Liammurabi Has Established The Fact That Already In The Age Of Abraham The Art Of Writing Was Known, And ...
5 Jewish Philosophical Writ
5. Jewish Philosophical Writ Ers. The Philosophic Spirit In Its Proper Sense Appeared Among The Jews At The Time Of Their Contact With Greek Culture, Which Began With The Conquest Of The Semitic Orient By Alexander The Great. Its First Definite Traces Are To Be Discerned In The Skepticism Which ...
7 The Talmud
7. The Talmud, A Code Or Digest Of Jewish Laws And Opinions. The Talmud Is In Reality A Combination Of Two Entirely Separate Works — The Mishna Being The Text And The Gemara Its Commentary. The Name Signifies "study," And Has Come To Be Applied To The Combined Text And ...
8 The Masorah
8. The Masorah. Masorah Or Masao Rah Is The Name Given To The Body Of Critical Notes On The External Form Of The Hebrew Aramaic Text Of The Old Testament. The Name Is Taken From Ezek. Xx, 37, And Means Orig Inally "fetter' The Fixation Of The Text Having Been ...
9 The Cabala
9. The Cabala. Cabala Designates The Mystic Lore Of The Jews And The Practices Based Thereon. The Name Is Etymologically Related To A Hebrew Verb Meaning To Receive And Which Is Technically Used To Denote The Recep Tion And Transmission Of Divine Revelation. Its Application To Theosophic Speculation And Theurgic ...
Arch Duke Of Austria
John Nepomuk Salvator, Arch Duke Of Austria And Prince Of Tuscany: B. Florence, 25 Nov. 1852; D. — 1891. He Was The Youngest Son Of Archduke Leopold Ii Of Tuscany, Became Colonel (1876) With Command Of A Regiment At Komorn, Then (1878) Com Mander Of An Infantry Brigade At Vienna; ...
C History Of Language
C. History Of Language Study In Europe. The Scientific Study Of Language In Europe Began With The Greeks, Who, However, Were Not Interested In Language For Its Own Sake So Much As For The Light Its Study Threw On Other Fields Of Knowledge. Plato Investigated Etymology Because He Hoped Thereby ...
Calculus
Calculus. Tuberculosis Of The Kidney.—this Malady Occurs In The Form Of Tiny Miliary Tubercles Scattered Through The Kidney, Usually As A Part Of A General Tuberculosis And In The Form Of A Tubercular Pyonephrosis Due To Extension From The Bladder ; More Rarely The Process May Be Primary In The ...
Candlenut Kukui
Kukui, Candlenut, Tung, Or Chinese-wood Oil, The Oil Obtained From The Different Aleurites. The Three Chief Sources Are As Follows: (1) That Obtained From The Aleurites Triloba (candlenut Tree) Of The Tropics And Subtropics Of The Old World, The Antilles And Brazil Whose Seeds Are Similar To Small Walnuts And ...
Dziggetai Or Kulan Kiang
Kiang, Dziggetai Or Kulan, The Large Wild Ass Of Tibet And Mon Golia, Characterized By Its Large Size (11 To 12 Hands High), Dark Reddish Color And The Nar Rowness Of The Black Stripe Along The Spine; Some Have Faintly Barred Legs. They Dwell Upon The Lofty, Sterile Plateaus North ...
Emerson
Emerson, Ker Son, A Government And Capital Of The Same Name In Southern Russia. It Lies Between Kiev And Poltava On The North, Yekaterinoslav On The East, The Black Sea On The South And Padolia And Bessarabia, And Has An Area Of Over 27,000 Square Miles, Of Prac Tically Flat ...
Ette
Ette, Marie Jean Paul Roch Yves Gilbert Motier, Marquis De, French Soldier And States Man: B. Chavagnac, Near Brioude, Auvergne (in The Present Department Of. Loire), 6 Sept. 1757; D. Paris, 20 May 1834. He Belonged To An Eminent Family Of France. He Was Edu Cated In The College Of ...
Iefferson Burr Imbroglio
Iefferson-burr Imbroglio, Imbro Ly6, A Disputed Presidential Election Which Resulted From A Defective Clause In The Con Stitution And Caused Its Amendment In 1800. By Its Original Provisions, The Person Who Re Ceived The Highest Number Of Electoral Votes Should Be President, The Next Highest Vice President. Each Set Of ...
Jefferson
Jefferson, Joseph, American Actor: B. Philadelphia, 20 Feb. 1829; D. Palm Beach, Fla., 23 April 1905. He Was And From Infancy Was Upon The.stage, Appearing As Cora's Child In 'pizarro' When Three Years Old, And Among His First Public Appearances Being That As A Miniature Of T. D. Rice In ...