See EMBARGO IN THE UNITED STATES.
On 4 March 1809, Jefferson retired from the White House, and spent the remaining 17 years of his life at Monticello. In these latter days he was known as the of Monticello ,D and to his home came people of prominence from all parts of the world to consult with him on great questions of politics and economics. ,Often his houiekeeper had to provide beds for 50 guests. The demands which were made on his hospitality were so great that be died a bankrupt. During this period of his life he did all that he could to encourage better methods in agriculture, to reform the government of Virginia and to develop in it a better system of education. The crowning event of his life was the establishment of the University of Virginia (q.v.) in 1819. He died on 4 July just 50 years from the day that has made him famous in all history, and by a singular coincidence his old rival and political antago nist, John. Adams, passed away on the same day. Jefferson asked that three things be inscribed on his tomb: "'Author of the Declaration of Independence; of the Statute for Religious Liberty in Virginia, and Founder of the Uni versity of Viirgmia,b— three acts which have made him famous.
Jefferson stands in history for (1) Repub lican government and the sovereignty of the people; (2) Opposition to privileged orders of nobility and the entail system; (3) Universal education and local circulating libraries; (4) Separation of Church and State; (5) Freedom of thought and speech ; (6) Local self-govern ment; (7) Economy in government and small public debt; (8) A•policy of peace; (9) Polit ical equality and universal suffrage: (10) Strict construction of the Constitution and the sov ereignty of the States; (11) Well-trained militia and small standing army; (12) Metallic money, either gold or silver, as a standard, and no paper legal tender; (13) Opposition to bounties and monopolies ; (14) Emancipation and de portation of slaves; (15) Expansion of the United States to includt Louisiana, Florida, Cuba and Canada; (16) Maintenance of Indian reservations ; (17) Judiciary beyond the control of the legislative or executive branches of gov ernment; (18) Small navy; (19) Opposition to nepotism; (20) Rotation in office; (21) Opposi tion to secession movements, North or South.
This review will show that Jefferson probably gave to the world more broad principles of government than any other man. Whenever republican forms of government exist there the name of Jefferson will always be uttered with reverence and respect. Important monu ments to ,Jefferson are as follows: by David d'Angers in the Capitol, Washington, a copy in the New York city-hall, and one at Angers, France ; by Galt, at the University of Virginia; by Ezekiel, in Louisville, Ky.; by Hiram Powers, in Hall of Representatives, \Washing ton; by Partridge, at Columbia University; and by Valentine, in Richmond, Va.
• , ,