JOHNSTOWN, Pa., city, Cambria County, on the Conemaugh River and on the Baltimore and Ohio and the Pennsylvania railroads, about 80 miles east of Pittsburgh. The Little Cone maugh River and Stony Creek unite at Johns town and form the Conemaugh River. The area of the city is about five square miles, and the valley in which it is located ranges from 1,148 feet to 1,600 feet above sea-level. Johns town was settled in 1794, was incorporated as a borough in 1831 and as a city in 1889. Its situ ation, in a coal and iron ore region, combined with its great water power, has made it an im portant manufacturing centre. Fire-clay and limestone are also found in the vicinity. Some of its industrial establishments are the Cambria Steel Company works, where about 16,000 men are employed, the Lorain Steel Company, iron and steel works, iron-plate mills, street-car rail factory, silk mill, planing-mills, cement works, furniture factories, potteries, breweries, brick yards, machine-shops, foundries, furnaces, wire works, leather and woolen goods. Some of the noted public buildings are the Cambria Free Library, a new $250,000 Y. M. C. A., the Cone maugh Valley Memorial Hospital, 67 churches, the city hall and the 'high school. The number
and arrangement of the parks add to the beauty of the place.
In Grand View Cemetery are the graves of 777 unidentified dead who perished in the "Johnstown Flood." This disastrous flood oc curred on 31 May 1889, and was the result of the destruction of a dam across South Fork, a small branch of the Conemaugh River. Heavy rains had fallen and the mountain streams of the vicinity had become roaring torrents. The dam kept back the waters of Conemaugh Lake, about two and one-half miles long, one and one half miles wide and averaging over 50 feet in depth ; in some places the water of the lake was 100 feet in depth. The direct distance from the city was about 12 miles, but along the river the distance was five or six miles longer. In a very short time after the dam had burst the valley was flooded and Johnstown and several small villages were under water. The loss of lives was 2,205 and the loss of property was estimated to be about $10,000,000. Aid for the sufferers came from all parts of the country and the city was soon rebuilt and its industries re-established. Pop. 66,579.