JUENGLING, Angling, Frederick, Amer ican wood engraver: b. 1846; d. 1889. He was one of the founders and the first secretary of the American Society of Wood Engravers (1881). In his art he was one of the most consistent advocates and practicers of the new American system of wood engraving which substituted short broken lines, dots and so forth for the regulation long lines and regular sweep of the graver. He was a bold and clever workman and met with very considerable suc cess. Consult Weitenkampf, Frank, 'American Graphic Art' (New York 1912).
JUG, a vessel of earth, glass or metal, used for holding liquids and characterized by having one handle and a lip for ease in pouring. The origin of the word is uncertain. In slang the term is employed to denote a prison, and there is not wanting evidence that in this latter sense it is an adaptation of the Latin jug-um, a yoke. In the United States the word pitcher has super seded jug to a great extent. The Metropolitan
Museum, New York, and the British Museum, London, contain very fine examples of this kind of vessel, in the latter is a remarkable. bronze jug found at Kumasi in 1896. It was made in England in the reign of Richard II, whose arms and badge it bears. It is furnished with a lid, handle and spout. The ewer is a jug with a broad lip and was formerly in general use at table for pouring water over the hands after meals, a practice very essential when we re member that table forks were still unknown. Much variety in form and design appears in the early specimens, some are balanced on three feet and some take the form of animals. The 18th and 19th centuries saw the production in England of pottery vessels known as °Toby Jugs," Nelson etc., usually in the form of a stout old man with a hat the corners of which form the spouts.