KEEN, ken, William Williams, American surgeon: b. Philadelphia, 19 Jan. 1837. He was graduated at Brown University in 1859, and from Jefferson Medical College in 1862; and during the Civil War period was an as sistant surgeon in the Federal armx, He then studied in Europe 1864-66; was at the head of the Philadelphia School of Anatomy 1866-75; and at the same time lecturer on pathological anatomy at Jefferson Medical College. From 1875 to 1890 he was professor of artistic anat omy at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, and also of surgery at the Women's Medical College 1884-89, and of surgery at Jef ferson Medical College till 4 Jan. 1907 when he became professor emeritus.
In 1912, on the 50th anniversary of his graduation, the Jefferson Medical College gave him the honorary degree of Sc.D. He has also received the degree of LL.D. from Brown Uni versity (1891), Northwestern and Toronto universities (1903), The University of Edin burgh (1905), Yale University (1906), Univer sity of Saint Andrews (1911); an honorary M.D. from University of Greifswald (1906) and honorary Ph.D. from the University of Upsala (1907). He is the senior member of the Cor poration of Brown University, having been elected in 1873. He was elected president of the American Surgical Association in 1898; of the American Medical Association in 1899' of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia in 1900; of the Congress of American Physicians and Surgeons in 1903 and of the International Congress of Surgery for the session of 1917, and has been president of the American Philo sophical Society since 1907. He is also foreign
corresponding member of the Surgical Society of Paris, the Belgian Surgical Society, the Clinical Society of London. He is an honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England and the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, of the German, the Italian, the Palermo Surgical societies, the Berlin Medical Society, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the American Col lege of Surgeons. He is the author of 'His tory of the First Baptist Church of Philadel phia' (1898); Complications and Sequels of Typhoid Fever' (1898) ; 'Addresses and Other Papers' (1905) ; 'Animal Experi mentation and Medical Progress' (1914). He is also editor of 'Gray's of the 'American Text Book of Surgery); of 'Keen's System of Surgery' ; and of a number of other similar publications. He has written a very large number of articles in various medical and other journals.