KIELMANSEGG, kel-matiseg, (Conn's) Erich von, Austrian statesman: b. Hanover, 1847. On graduation from the university in 1870 he entered the service of the Austrian government and passed through the usual rou tine of various administrative posts in the prov inces and the Ministry of the Interior (1886-. 89), becoming finally governor of Lower Austria and Minister of the Interior (1895) and later Prime Minister over a temporary cabinet. In his official capacity he showed him self a man of action, intelligence and desire to better the conditions of affairs as he found them. He extended the confines and increased the size and importance of Vienna by taking into the city limits the suburban towns and villages; and he passed sanitary laws and other measures for the benefit of the capital and for other parts of the country.
ke-en-loong', emperor of China: b. 1710; d. Peking, 7 Feb. 1799. He succeeded his father, Yung-Ching, in 1735. He favored the Christian religion in private, but in 1753 interdicted its exercise by a formal order; and the missionaries were, in consequence, obliged to proceed with great caution, although several of them were in the emperor's service, and treated with great respect as men of science and learning. On the suppression of the Jesuits
in 1774 China was less visited by scientific per sons than formerly, which induced K'ien-Lung to send to Canton and invite artists and learned men of all the European nations, and particu larly astronomers. Resolving to immortalize the remembrance of his victories by the graver, he engaged French artists to copy some Chinese paintings in which they were represented; but Louis XV had them engraved for him at his own expense. The larger Chinese collection on agriculture contains several poems of this mon arch on rural occupations and incidents; and he established a library of 600,000 volumes, con taining copies of all the most interesting works in China. In 1795 he abdicated in favor of his son.