KINZIE, kin'zi, John, American pioneer: b. Quebec, Canada, 3 Dec. 1763; d. Chicago, Ill., 6 Jan. 1828. His name was originally Mc Kenzie. His father, a British army surgeon, dying soon after the boy's birth, his mothcr married again and removed to New York, John Kinzie was educated there, but, at the age of 10, ran away from home and made his way to Quebec where he was a jeweler's assistant for some years. He then returned home and a few years later went with his step-father's family to Detroit. He became now a trader in the western United States, and in 1803 estab lished a post outside of Fort Dearborn on the site of the present Chicago, of which he was the earliest white settler. He also set up sta tions on the Illinois, Kankakee and Rock rivers. He was very successful as a trader and, as a result of his honesty and generosity, made many friends amongst the Indians. It was due to this fact that his life and the lives of his family were saved during the massacre in 1812. After the end of our second war with England John Kinzie and his family returned to Chicago from Detroit where they had sought safety, though he himself had finally been taken prisoner by the British and sent touebec.
Q He early recognized the possibilities of Chicago and acquired extensive real estate holdings. Consult Gordon, E. L. K., 'John Kinzie, the of Chicago)) (Savannah 1910); Kinzie, Mrs. J. H., the Early Day in the Northwest) (New Yorlo 1856) ; Laut, A. C.,
Families of (in Outing, Vol. LIII, p. 591, New York 1909).
KIOSK, a Turkish word meaning pavilion. It has a tent-shaped roof, open on all sides and is supported by pillars, round the foot of which is a balustrade. It is built of wood, roofed with straw or similar materials, and is chiefly erected to afford a free prospect in the shade, but it also serves to embellish a rural or garden view. This kind of pavilion has been introduced from the Turk and Persian into the English, French and German gardens. The word has, however, gradually acquired a wider meaning and is now applied to temporary or permanent structures of the type described above, irrespective of the pur pose for which they are used or of the material from which they have been built. Thus pavilions for musicians in public parks, booths for the sale of newspapers and similar articles, ,,are now called Kiosks. The most famous Turkish kiosks are Bagdad Kiosk (Constanti nople), dating from the early 16th century; Chink Kiosk (Constantinople), dating probably from the 15th century and now housing part of the collection of the Imperial Museum of Antiquities; Yildiz Kiosk (near Constanti nople), summer palace of the Turkish Sultan and frequently used to designate the Turkish court and government.