The remaining Germanic language, Eng lish, is spoken in Great Britain, but in the northwestern, western and southern counties of Ireland Gaelic is spoken to some extent, even as Scottish Gaelic is preserved in the extreme northwest of Scotland, and Welsh through a considerable part of Wales. The Pan-German map mentioned above accredits 25.8 per cent of the population of the earth as speaking English.
(c) The Slavic The western boundary of the Slavic nations was determined as the southern and eastern boundary of Aus tria and Germany. We can now establish the various subdivisions within this group. The Slovenian language is spoken in southern Ca rinthia and Styria, in Carniola and part of Istria. The western line runs from Neuen mark, to the west of Triest, to Giirz, passes through Italian territory and follows the polit ical borderline as far as Pontafel. From here it turns due east to Villach, having German settlements within the line, however, and runs somewhat north of the Drau, and strikes the Mur at Mureck From here it runs into Hun garian territory as far as S. Gotthard, to the north, abruptly turns south to Warasdin on the Drau, then to the southwest, taking in Agram and Nesselthal, and not quite reach ing Fiume, through northern Istria, to a point south of Triest, leaving the littoral chiefly to an Italian populace. The Serbo-Croatian lan guage is spoken to the southeast of it. The line runs from Mureck along the Mur until its union with the Drau, thence along the Drau up to its union with the Danube, then down the Danube to Weisskirchen, where Rumanian territory is reached; but from Esseg on there are numerous Serbian settlements to the north of the river, as far north as Segedin. Going up the Morava to Leskovac all the territory to the west is Serbian, but the triangle be tween the Morava, Danube and a line running from Leskovac past Nish to Negotin, is chiefly Serbian at the periphery, but Rumanian at the core. From Leskovac the line runs to Vranya, from there westward to Skopye, thence in a semi-circle to Scutari. But there are numerous Serbian colonies in northern Albania. Thus all of Dalmatia, Slavonia. Sirmia, Bosnia, Herze govina, Montenegro and the greater part of Serbia are Serbo-Croatian, while a spur from Nish to Pirot in Serbia is Bulgarian. The Serbo-Croatians and Slovenians form together the Yugo-Slav division of the Slays.
All the territory south of the Danube, from Vidin to Kustendji, and to the east of the Serbian line, which, however, has to be ex tended from Skopye to Kostur, thence to Sa loniki, then straight to Seres and all along the littoral almost up to Constantinople, is chiefly Bulgarian. But there are within this territory
innumerable Albanian settlements in the west, Greek colonies along the lEgean, the Sea of Marmora and the Black Sea, and Turkish colonies in the interior. Besides, there are sev eral Bulgarian spurs into Albania and a con siderable number of colonies in southern Alba nia and in northern Greece. On the other hand, much of the Bulgarian territory in Mace donia is claimed by the Serbians to be Ser bian, because in reality the Bulgarian and Serbian dialects pass here into each other.
If a line be drawn from Kostur to the Adriatic opposite the island of Corfu, all the territory to the north not yet accounted for is held by a non-Slavic race, the Albanians, who have also many colonies in Greece, especially in Attica. If a line is continued from Kostur to Saloniki, most of the territory to the south, including the islands in the Ionic and tEgean seas, is Greek.
The Czech and Slovak linguistic line was defined by the German circular line from Pressburg, around Pilsen, to Tropau. A line running up the Morava, above Pressburg, to Skalica, thence along the Carpathians up to Babia Gora, forms the southern border of Czech. Continuing the line in a semi-circle to Neumarkt, thence in a very irregular line to Kaschau, and from there almost in a straight line westward to Pressburg, it includes the Slovak subdivision of the Czecho-Slovak terri tory. There are, however, numerous Slovak colonies as far down as south of Budapest. If a line be drawn from Kaschau .to Siget, thence to Czernowitz, and from Kaschau a semi-circle be drawn to the west, as far as some distance south of Przemysl, then past Yaroslav to Lezaisk, we get the western limit of Ruthenian, which belongs to the same group as Little Russian or Ukrainian. The rest of Galicia, north of the Slovak territory, is Polish. If a straight line be drawn north from Le zaisk to Suvalki, all the territory to the west, up to the German border, is Polish, except for Ruthenian indentations, as far as the river Narev, and White Russian indentations to the north. A semi-circle from Suvalki to Vilno, thence an irregular line to Dvinsk, and from there a fairly straight line past Busk to the sea north of Memel, up to the German border in the west and with deep spurs into German territory, include the non-Slavic Lithuanians.