Mineral and Agricultural Gold is found in Nueva Ecija ; copper (in the form of arsenates and sulphides) in the Mancaran Suyoc district of the Mountain province; Iron occurs in a fairly well-defined belt which follows the east coast for a short distance, beginning in the Camarines and then turning toward the interior, where it reaches, so far as our knowledge now goes, its greatest develop ment near the town of Angat in Bulacan province. One of the principal localities in which coal is found is Batan Island, Albay province, where it is of a sub-bituminous variety, with volatile combustible, 39.98 per cent; fixed carbon, 48.80 per cent; ash, 5.70 per cent ; moisture, 5.74 per cent and sulphur, 0.66 per cent. Salt springs occur in the Mountain province. Agricultural products are those of the buri and nipa palms (burl and tuba), cocoa, coffee, cotton, tobacco, hemp, pineapples, bananas, betel nuts, copra, mangoes, corn, rice, sugar, sweet potatoes, etc. The live-stock raised on this island is given as two-thirds of the total (including domestic animals and poultry) for the entire archipelago.
Salient Facts.— A writer in the Journal of Geology (Vol. XXI, pp. 29-61, Chicago 1913) observes that ((because of its great strategic importance and because it is the home of the only Christianized people of Malay origin, Luz6n is of more than passing interest. Geo logically, it is worthy of constant study as it is a link in that great Circle of Fire which girds the Pacific. As a mining field, evidence is already abundant that Luzon will before many years have a place in the very first rank.°
He adds that its geographical position is also noteworthy, this being a region of tremendous rainfall (45 inches in 24 hours, Baguio Ob servatory record, July 1911) and in the track of the most frequent and violent typhoons; and that as it extends to lat. 21° N. and has much high level country, which is at the same time fertile, it should be colonized by white men. Historically interesting are the following facts: It was the first of the Philippine Islands to come under the control of the United States; it was the scene of the earliest military opera tions against the insurgents, and the base of operations for campaigns of occupation of the other islands. See articles on individual provinces and general article PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
According to the official post route maps, showing post-offices, etc., in operation on 1 Oct. 1914, Apayao, Kalinga, Lepanto, Bontoc, If ugao and Benguet are all included in Moun tain province. The total number of Luzon's inhabitants (including about 220,000 uncivilized) is. in 1917. somewhat more than 3,800,000. Con sult
Provinces and The provinces into which Luz6n is divided are as follows: