MABILLEAU, Leopold, French econo mist: b. Beaulieu (Indre et Loire), 1856. After teaching in a number of institutions he be came in 1906 professor at the National Con servatory of Arts. He held many positions for the improvement of social conditions and lec tured in the United States on social and eco nomic questions. Mabilleau was made an officer of the Legion of Honor and a number of his works have been crowned by the Academy of Moral and Political Sciences. He has edited the works of several authors, has contributed to French magazines and has published Hugo' (Paris 1893; 5th ed., 1911) ; (Histoire de fa philosophic atomistique' (1895); pre voyance sociale en Italie) (1898) ; co-opera tion en France' (1900) ; mutualite f ran caise, doctrine et applications' (1904) ; (Notions elementaires d'instruction civique de droit usuel et d'economie politique' (1912). The latter was in collaboration with E. Levasseur and E. Dela courtie.
Jean, zhoit French ecclesiastic and author: b. Saint Pierre du Mont, Champagne, 23 Nov. 1632; d. Paris, 27 Dec. 1707. Having joined the Benedictines of Saint Maur, he was chosen to assist Dom Jean d'Achery in the compilation of his (Spici legium Veterum Scriptorum,' and subsequently edited the works of Saint Bernard (1690) in the series of the fathers published by his con gregation. In 1683 he was sent to Germany by Louis XIV to collect documents relating to French history; and the applause with which his (Iter Germanicum,) a narrative of the journey, was received, induced the Icing to send him to Italy in 1685 to make purchases for the royal library. A result of this tour was his
Italicum' (1687-89), a work of great value. Later he was selected by his superiors to refute Rance, abbot of La Trappe, who had •con demned the custom of permitting monks to study. His
on Monastic Studies,' which appeared in consequence in 1691, was equally remarkable for sound argument and good tem per. His most important other works are (Vetera Analecta' (1675-85) ;
'Acta Sanctorum Ordinis Sancti
(1668-1702) and prepared the first four vol umes of the 'Annales Ordinis Sancti Bene dictini) (1703-39). A collection of his
rages posthumes' appeared in 1724, and his
MABINI,
A.pollinario, Filipino insurgent: d. Philippine Islands, 1903. He was educated in the Catholic College of Manila, entered the public service under Spanish rule, became advocate of the treasury, resigned in 1896, and entered the insurrection. He was imprisoned for nine months by the Spaniards and then associated himself with Aguinaldo, Rizal and Agonchillo. Although a sufferer from paralysis he was the soul of the revolutionary movement and by many is considered the ablest man produced in the revolution. He became privy councillor of Aguinaldo and for a time was Minister of Foreign Affairs and chief of the Supreme Court in the latter's so-called gov ernment. In 1899 he surrendered to the United States, was sent into exile, but allowed to return in 1903 when he took the oath of allegiance. He was the brains of the Malolos government but opposed the Malolos constitution because he believed that the Islands needed a strong centralized government and also because it did not provide for a separation of Church and State. He was of the Tagalog tribe. Consult Worcester, Dean C.,