In 1910 the farm animals were: Number Value Horses 107,574 $14,364,756 teg cows 206,434 813,976 156,819 5,874,228 Other cattle 99,704 1,910,156 In 1918 the farm animals comprised 109,000 horses, 170,000 milch cows, 127,000 other cat tle, 163,000 sheep and 100,000 swine. In 1916 the wool clip amounted to 850,000 pounds of wool.
New In 1876 a Swedish colony consisting of 50 persons was located in the northern part of Aroostook County by the Hon. W. W. Thomas, Jr., Commissioner of Immi gration. That portion of Township No. 15 upon which they were located was named New Swe den. Its present number is 905. It is estimated that there are now in Maine 5,000 Swedes, a large number being descendants of the Thomas colony. The success of the settlement, owing to the high character for thrift and industry of the colonists, has been so great that Mt. Thomas is planning to establish another colony in' Azoontoolc County if the land can ne ob tained. Aroostook County leads all others in the value of its potato crop.
Manufactures, -The extensive water power has been a great aid in developing manufactur ing industries. Ship-building was among the first manufacturing industries of the State. The first vessel built in Maine was the Virginia. She was built by the Popham colony 1607-08, and under command of Capt. James Davis sailed from Plymouth with the Somers and Gates Colony for Jamestown, 1 June 1609. Bath was the chief ship-building centre of the United States for over 100 years and is yet a ship-building centre of importance. Prior to the construction of steel vessels, the Maine for ests supplied a large amount of the timber used in ocean vessels built in the United States and nearly half the ocean vessels of the nation, up to 19K were made in Maine. Bath builds now many steel vessels. The manufacture of leather is another of the leading industries. The bark of the hemlock is used in large quantities for tanning. The manufacturing of cotton and woolen goods began the latter part of the 18th century and has been continued. Lewiston is the chief centre of cotton manufacturing. There is a tendency now to remove the cotton manu facturing industry to the Southern States or nearer the supply of raw material. Biddeford
and Saco are extensively engaged in manufac turing cotton goods. Woolen mills are scat tered throughout the State. The oil-cloth in dustu was first started in Maine in 1845 by C. M. Bailey of Winthrop. Nearly all the factories are located near the coast, or in locali ties where abundant water power and good transportation lessen the cost of production and shipping. Lime and cement are important manufacturing products: large quantities of lime are made in Knox County.
The Paper Samuel Waldo, Thomas Westbrook and Richard Fry were pio neers in the paper industry of Maine, having built a mill at Presumpscot Falls, Falmouth, in 1731, and a second mill at Stroudwater in 1733. At this time there were but three paper mills in the country, two being in Philadelphia and one in Milton, Mass. R. H. Gardiner and John Saves built the third mill about 1810. In 1816 Harris and Cox Brothers built a mill at North Yarmouth, and the same year another mill was built at Union by Josiah Day which was destroyed by fire in 1843. In 1623 George Cox and Company built a mill at Vassalboro which was burned in 1848 and not rebuilt. In 1845 Day and Lyon built a paper mill at “Con gin)) (now Cumberland Mills, Westbrook) which was burned in 1852, and was rebuilt by the firm of S. D. Warren and Company on the site of the old mill.
The paper industry in Maine received a great impetus by the introduction of wood pulp, and the State now ranks among the first of pulp-producing States. Wood pulp was first produced in this State in 1868-69. The second pulp mill was established in 1872 at Yarmouth. Sulphite pulp was first produced in Maine in 1889. Other sulphite, soda pulp and ground wood mills have followed in rapid succession since these dates.
The paper pulp industry has increased greatly during the past 10 years. There are now 113 pulp mills in the State, with aggregate capital of $75,000,009, and ary annual product valued at $70,000,000. Their daily output is about 5,000 tons, divided according to return 1916, as follows: For news, 1,319 tons; board wrap, 433 tons; book writ, 483 tons; special, 106 tons; chemical pulp, 980 tons; mechanical pulp, 1,657 tons.