MANNING, Henry Edward, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and archbishop of Westminster: b. Totteridge, Hertfordshire, 15 July 1808; d. Westminster, 14 Jan. 1892. He was educated at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford, became a Fellow of Merton College in 1832 and in that year he was ordained and ap pointed curate of Woollavington-cum-Graffham in Sussex. In 1833 he became rector of Wool lavington and was appointed archdeacon of Chi chester in 1840. In 1842 he was select preacher to the University of Oxford. He took very little part in the tractarian movement and did not write any of the tracts, but he formed friendships with some of the leaders of the movement. In 1851, after the decision in the "Gorham case," he joined the Roman Catholic Church and was ordained priest. He founded the Congregation of the Oblates of Saint Charles at Bayswater, London, in 1857, and upon the death of Cardinal Wiseman was con secrated archbishop of Westminster in 1865. At
the (Ecumenical Council in 1870 he was an ar dent supporter of the infallibility doctrine, and in 1875 was made a cardinal by Pius IX. Man ning was a trusted leader of the Ultramontane party in his Church, and he commended himself to the world in general by his zeal on behalf of temperance, education and the betterment of the working-classes. He is the author of four volumes of sermons published before 1850; and among his other writings are 'The Tem poral Mission of the Holy Ghost' (1865 and 1875); 'Petri Privilegium' (1871); 'The Vati can Decrees' (1875) ; 'The Catholic Church and Modern Society' (1880) ; 'The Eternal Priesthood' (1883); 'Characteristics' (1:•:5); 'Miscellanies' (1877-88) ;