MARCELLUS STAGE, in geology, a term introduced by the New York State Geological Survey for the thin rock, mostly shale, which is the lowest group of the Upper Devonian Sys tem, and which is most typically seen in New York State at the little village of Marcellus, whence the stage is named.
MARCH, Alden, American surgeon: b. SutMarch, Alden, American surgeon: b. Sut- ton, Mass., 1795; d. 1869. He was educated at Boston and at Brown University, receiving the degree of M.D. from the latter in 1820. From 1825 to 1831 he was a professor in the Vermont Academy of Medicine, from 1831 to 1833 at the Albany Medical Seminary, and in 1833-34 at the Albany Medical School. In the latter year he founded a school of practical anatomy in Albany and in 1839 founded the Albany Medical Col lege, in which he was professor of surgery from the foundation until his death in 1869. Dr. March also founded the Albany City Hospital; was president of the New York State Medical Society in 1857 and founded the American Med ical Association. Dr. March invented several surgical appliances and improved others. He published 'Wounds of the Abdomen and Larynx' (1854), and numerous papers in med ical journals.
MARCH, Francis Andrew, American phiMarch, Francis Andrew, American phi- lologist: b. Millbury, Mass., 25 Oct. 1825; d. 1911. He was graduated from Amherst in 1845, studied law in New York in 1849-50, was admitted to the bar in 1850, in 1856 became ad junct professor of belles-lettres and English literature in Lafayette College (Easton, Pa.), and in 1857 professor there of the English lan guage and comparative philology. In 16'73-74 and 1895-96 he was president of the American Philological Association, in 1876-1903 of the Spelling Reform Association and in 1891-93 of the Modern Language Association. He was among the earliest advocates of a historical study of the English language and of a philo logical study of the classic works of that Ian guage. His contributions to the transactions and proceedings of the American Philological Association and other learned societies have been very extensive. He was a consulting editor of the 'Standard Dictionary,' and de cided many spellings and forms for that work. He also edited the Douglass series of Christian Greek and Latin classics (1874-76), was di rector of the American readers for the great 'Historical Dictionary of English' of the Lon don Philological Society, and published 'A Method of Philological Study of the English Language' (1865) ; 'Parser and Analyzer for Beginners' (1869) ; an 'Anglo-Saxon Gram mar' (1870) ; an 'Anglo-Saxon Reader' (1870), and an 'Introduction to Angki-Saxon' (1871). Consult 'Publications' (Modern Language Association of America, Vol. XXIX, 1914).
MARCH, Peyton Conway, American solMarch, Peyton Conway, American sol- dier: b. Easton, Pa., about 1862. He is a son of Francis A. March, the philologist. Graduat ing from Lafayette College in 1884, he deter mined upon a military career, and graduated from the military academy in 1888. The same year he entered the army as a lieutenant of ar tillery. Later he graduated from the Fort Monroe Artillery School. When the Spanish
War broke out he volunteered, and commanded the Astor Battery in 1898; the following year he was major of the 33d Volunteer Infantry. He served in Luzon, in the Philippine campaign, and received several promotions for gallantry. He obtained the surrender of General Venancio, Aguinaldo's chief of staff. For a time after the close of active hostilities he was a military and later a civil governor in Ilocus. In 1911 he was commissary-general in the Philippines; in 1916 he was a lieutenant-colonel of field artillery; the next year he was made a brigadier-general, and 5 Aug. 1917 he was raised to the rank of major general. In 1918, the active chief of staff of the United States army.
MARCH, marh, Austria-Hungary, the March, marh, Austria-Hungary, the principal river of Moravia, rising on the Sile sian boundary, and flowing 214 miles southward to the Danube, which it joins six miles above Presburg. It is navigable for small boats from Gelding, 50 miles from its mouth. In its lower course it forms the boundary between Austria and Hungary. Its chief affluent is the Thayer MARCH, in Europe, a frontier or boundMarch, in Europe, a frontier or bound- ary of a territory; especially applied to the boundaries or confines of political divisions; as, for example, the frontiers between England and Scotland, and England and Wales. Geneva is situated in the Marches of France, Savoy and Switzerland. See MARCHES, THE MARCH (Latin Martius), (1) the third March (Latin Martius), (1) the third month of the year, originally the first of the Roman year; so named in honor of the Roman deity Mars. Prior to 1752 the 25th of March was the first day of the legal year ; hence, in all records, January, February and the first 24 days of March have frequently two years ap pended, as January 1, or 1701-2. (See CALENDAR). Until late in the 19th century, the custom of leasing dwellings from the 25th of March persisted in some localities. (2) A movement by regular steps in the manner of soldiers; also a journey performed by a body of soldiers either on foot or on horseback. Soldiers on a march are subject to certain rules very necessary to keep them in good order, and fit to meet the enemy. The march in the first sense of regular step differs on different occa sions. In the parade-march from 75 to 95 steps, each of about 30 inches, differing in different armies, are made in a minute; in the quick march from 108 to 115 steps; and in the double quick 150 running paces. This last cannot be sustained for any length of time, and is only used in a charge, or in -storming a commanding position, and in a few internal movements of regiments. (3) A musical composition, chiefly for military bands, with wind instruments, pri marily intended to accompany the marching of troops. There are slow and quick marches, and marches peculiar to different countries. Marches are also introduced into oratorios, the best known examples being the 'Dead Mardi' from the oratorio of 'Saul' and Mendelssohn's 'Wedding March.' See Music.