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Martyrology

martyrs, paris and saints

MARTYROLOGY, called also calendar of the saints, the acts of the saints, menology, anology, synaxary, a list of martyrs and other saints, in which was sometimes noted the char acter of their lives, and in the case of a martyr the place and date of his martyrdom and the nature of the sufferings which he underwent. Baronius, an ecclesiastical historian of the 16th century, attributes to Saint Clement of Rome, almost contemporary with the apostles, the first idea of collecting the acts of the martyrs. In the time of Gregory the Great (end of the 6th century) the Church possessed a general martyrology, the author of which is said to have been Saint Jerome, who made use of ma terials collected by Eusebius of Caesarea. The only part of it now extant is a catalogue of the martyrs who suffered in Palestine during the last eight years of the persecution of Diocletian. There is a martyrology attributed to Bede (be ginning of 8th century), hut if not altogether spurious it is at least interpolated. Numerous martyrologies were produced in the next cen tury and subsequently. In 1586, under the

auspices of Sixtus V, a martyrology was printed at Rome, with notes by Baronius, with the title of appeared at Paris in 1689, and a new edition of it was published in 1859. The (Acta Sanctorum' (q.v.) of the Bollandists comprises over 60 volumes issued at various times from 1643, but the work is still incomplete. The well-known English work of John Foxe, (The Book of Martyrs' (Protestant), may also be mentioned. Consult Achelis, (Die Martyrologien, ihre Ge schichte and ihr Wert' (Berlin 1900) ; Latimer, (De Martyrologio Romano, Parergon Historico criticurn) (Regensburg 1878); (Martyrologium Sancti Hieronyrni> (in Sanctorurn) for November, Paris 1894) ; Kenrick, Francis P. (ed.), (The Roman Martyrology' (Baltimore 1907); Delhaye, temoignage des martyr ologes' (in (Analecta Bollandiana,) Vol. XXVI, Paris 1907).