In President Roosevelt's Cabinet, Charles J. Bonaparte, Esq., of Baltimore, who had been prominent in reform movements, served as Sec retary of the Navy and as Attorney-General. In 1906 the legislature passed the bill for oyster culture, usually known by the name of B. Howard Haman, a . Baltimore attorney who drafted it, and this was the commencement of the conservation movement Shortly after ward a State Forestry Commission was ap pointed, which has done good work.
In 1904 the movement for good roads began, which had such remarkable development dur ing the gubernatorial term of Austin L. Cro thers, of Elkton, Cecil County, which lasted from 1908 to 1912. Isidor Rayner, Esq., an eloquent man, was elected to the United States Senate, in 1904, by the Democrats.
Phillips Lee Goldsborough, of Cambridge, Dorchester County, who was chosen governor in 1911 was the second Republican to attain that office. His administration was efficient and characterized by progress. He was suc ceeded by Governor Emerson C. Harrington, also of Cambridge, a Democrat, who was chosen in a close election. The enactment of the budget amendment to the constitution oc curred during his administration. The first popular election of a United States senator re sulted in the election of Dr. Joseph I. France, the Republican nominee. The electoral vote in 1912 and 1916 was cast for the Democratic can didate. Governor Harrington appointed a Council of Defense which rendered valuable service during the Great War. Maryland con
tributed nearly 50,000 soldiers to the United States army, the 115th and 313th regiments, especially, being almost entirely composed of Maryland men, and they gave a good account of themselves on the battlefield. Several army camps, etc., were located in the State. the most important ones being Camp Meade at Admiral, in Anne Arundel County, Camp Holabird, in Baltimore County, and the Edgewood Proving Grounds in Harford County.
Maryland had a population in 1790 of 319,728; in 1850, 583,034; in 1870, 780,844; in 1890, 1,042,300; in 1900, 1,188,044; in 1910, 1,295,346; in 1917 (estimated) 1,373,673. The principal cities are Baltimore (558,485 in 1910, large district annexed in 1917, now esti mated, 669,891); Cumberland (21,859) ; Hagerstown (16,507); Frederick (10,411) ; and Annapolis (8,609).
The There are three morning daily papers published in Baltimore: the Amer ican (Republican), established in 1774, the Sun (Democratic), established in 1837, and the Daily Record (legal) and there are three afternoon papers: the News, Evening Sun and Star. Several weekly and monthly religious and trade magazines are published in Balti more, as are the magazines issued by the Johns Hopkins Press, the oldest of American univer sity presses. In each county-seat there are usually two newspapers printed, and in the smaller cities there is generally found a daily newspaper.