The Societe Mathematique de France has about the same membership. The meetings are held twice a month at the Sorbonne. The presi dent of the society. for 1916 is M. Fouche, the secretaries are MM. Levy and Monte!. The council includes Appell, Borel, Jordan, Pain !eve and Picard. The is issued quarterly.
The Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung represents in full measure the fruitfulness and vigor of German mathematics. Its organization had been foreshadowed for many years, but was actually brought about in 1890 by the initiative of members of the mathematical astronomical section of the older Society of German Natural Scientists and Physicians, in affiliation with which the Vereinigung still con tinues to hold its annual meetings. The ap pearance of the (Jahresbericht,> whose volumes were originally issued in parts of book form, signalized the beginning of a series of invalu able reports on various branches of mathe matics, beginning with the celebrated report by W. F. Meyer on The Present Status of the Theory of Invariants' (Vol. I, 1892). These reports and other undertakings of a bibliograph ical, critical and statistical character ultimately led to the plan of the of Mathe matics,' now in course of publication by Teub ner, under the auspices of academies of science of Munich, Vienna and Gottingen. The Verein igung has also played an active part in the organization of the international congrepses of mathematicians, notably those of Zurich (1897) and Heidelberg (1904). It has interested itself effectively in the questions concerning the teaching of mathematics in the schools, univer sities and technical institutes, the training of teachers, the correlation of instruction in pure and applied mathematics and other matters of reorganization and progress in education, some of which are phases of an international reform movement. A history of the Vereinigung by the former secretary and present editor of the tJahresbericht,> Prof. A. Gutzmer of Jena, was issued on the occasion of the Heidelberg con gress. The society has at present about 650 members. Meetings are held annually. It re cently received from B. G. Teubner the gift of a complete set of his extensive mathematical publications as the nucleus of a library. The
now published monthly with occasional double bimonthly numbers, contains, beside the earlier reports mentioned above and a record of the society's activities, addresses, biographies and necrologies, original papers, criticisms, discussions and reviews and notes on current events. More extensive papers are pub lished as separate volumes.
The American Mathematical Society was originally organized as the New York Mathe matical Society in 1888 and was reorganized under its present national title in 1894. Syl vester's work at Baltimore (1877-84) and the influence of young mathematicians returning from study in Germany had produced a tidal movement of which the society has since its early days been the forefront and exemplar. Its membership, now about 740, includes prac tically every mathematician in the United States, and a considerable number of foreign representatives. The (Bulletin,' published since 1891 in monthly numbers from October to July, is of the type later adopted by the bericht,) but contains also the official reports of the frequent meetings of the society, with abstracts of the papers presented and a com plete bibliography of recent mathematical publi cations. Another special feature of the Bulle tin' is the extensive °Notes') on current events in the mathematical world. The tions,' founded in 1900,, is the official organ of the society for the publication of the more im portant papers read before it. The library of the society, now including 5,000 bound volumes, is deposited in the Columbia University Li brary.
Regular meetings are held four times a year in New York and twice a year in Chicago. Officers are elected at the annual meeting in December. A summer meeting is also held each year at some specially chosen place. At intervals of two or three years the summer meetings are reinforced by colloquia, or courses of lectures by specialists on recent ad vances in their particular lines of work. The rapid growth of mathematical interest in the Central and Western sections of the country have led to the organization of a Chicago Sec tion (1898), a San Francisco Section (1902) and a Southwestern Section (1907). The sec tions meet once or twice each year.