Medal
Medal, A Piece Of Metal In The Form Of A Coin, Stamped With A Figure Or Device To Preserve The Portrait Of Some Eminent Person, Or The Memory Of Some Illustrious Action Or Event. And Not To Be Circulated As Money. Medals Be Long To Two Periods, Ancient And Modern, ...
Medary
Medary, Samuel, American Editor And Politician: B. Montgomery Square, Montgomery County, Pa., 25 Feb. 1801; D. Columbus, Ohio, 7 Nov. 1864. In 1825 He Settled At Batavia, Clermont County, Ohio, And In 1828 Established The Ohio Sun In Support Of Jackson's Candi Dacy For The Presidency. He Sat For Clermont ...
Medea
Medea, The, A Play Of Jealousy And Re Venge, In Which The Interest Is Sustained From The Beginning To The Very End, And Is Artistically Almost Without A Flaw, Was Brought Out By Euripides In 431 B C. Few Tragedies Of Ancient Or Modern Times Are More Dramatic. None Ex ...
Medford
Medford, Me'd'ford, Mass., City, In Mid Dlesex County; On The Mystic River And On The Boston And Maine Five Miles North West Of Boston. The Area Is About 10 Square Miles. It Was Founded In 1630 By People From Salem Who Called The Place Meadford. In 1892 It Was Chartered ...
Media
Media, Medi-a, Asia, An Ancient King Dom And Country Of Considerable Extent, Now Comprised In The Provinces Of Northwest Persia. It Was Originally Inhabited By A Turanian Race, Who Are Called Medes By Ancient Writers; But This Name Properly Belongs To An Aryan Race. Who Had Spread Themselves Widely In ...
Mediation
Mediation, In International Law, Is The Friendly Intercession Of A Third Power Or Powers With A View To Bringing About The Settlement Of A Controversy Between Two Or More States, To Avert Threatened Hostilities Between Them Or To Bring To A Close A War In Which They Are En Gaged. ...
Medical Code
Medical Code, A Set Of Regulations Adopted By A Medical Association Outlining The Conduct Of Members Of The Profession. The Various Codes Prohibit Advertising In Public Prints, As Well As The Endorsement Of Proprie Tary Or Secret Remedies. The Ethics Of Both °regular* And Homceopathic Schools Define The Relations Of ...
Medical Corps
Medical Corps. The Medical De Partment Includes The Medical Corps, Dental Corps, Medical Reserve Corps, Hospital Corps And Nurse Corps. The Medical Corps Consists Of One Surgeon-general, With Rank Of Brigadier General, Who Is Chief Of The Medical Depart Ment, 14 Colonels, 24 Lieutenant-colonels, 105 Majors And 300 Captains Or ...
Medical Education
Medical Education, Colleges And Schools, Legal Supervision, Etc. Before The Establishment Of Medical Schools In This Coun Try Medical Students Either Went Abroad To Study Or Served An Apprenticeship With Some Practising Physician. The Latter Custom Was Common In View Of The Expense Incident To Work Abroad, And Continued Till ...
Medical Education In The
Medical Education In The United States. In The Colonies Until About The Middle Of The 18th Century There Was No Formal Medical Teaching. The Apprentice System Prevailed And Young Men Took Service With A Physician And After Some Years Went Into Practice For Themselves. Usually This Was Not Far From ...
Medical Journalism
Medical Journalism. One Of The Earliest Newspapers On Record, The Gazette De France, Was Issued By A Physician, Renaudat (paris 1631). He Had Been Appointed Com Missioner-general Of The Poor Of France When Poverty Was Rife, Just After The Religious Wars, And Created A Bureau Of Addresses Where Those Out ...
Medical Jurisprudence
Medical Jurisprudence, The Sci Ence Of Applying Medical Knowledge To The Pur Poses Of Legal Investigation; The Application Of The Principles And Practice Of Various Branches Of Medicine In Judicial Proceedings Requiring The Explanation Of Doubtful Questions, Such As Those Relating To Conception And Birth, Time And Cause Of Death, ...
Medical Organization In The
Medical Organization In The United States Army. The Medical Department Of The Army, Of Which The Surgeon General Is Chief, Aims: 1. To Conserve The Strength Of Men And Officers— (a) Through Prompt Attention To Disease And Disabilities Re Vealed By Physical Examination; (b) Through Supervision Of Sanitaty Conditions. 2. ...
Medical Pedagogy
Medical Pedagogy. The Theory Of Education In Its Application To Medicine Still Is Mostly Traditional, Like Many Of The Subjects It Includes, For The Pedagogy Of The Great Num Ber Of Medical Schools Has No Steady, Carefully Arranged And Planned-for, Fought-for, Curric Ulum Based On Personal And Educational Psychology And ...
Medical Science And The
Medical Science And The World War. Army Medical Departments Everywhere Had, Before The War, Prepared For The Treatment Of Surgically Clean Wounds Made By Modern Fire-arms In Distance Engagements. The Soldiers °first Aid° Kit, With Its Sterilized Dressings Sealed From Contamination, Was Ex Pected To Maintain This Freedom Of Wounds ...
Medici
Medici, Med'e-che Or Mi'de-che, A Flor Entine Family Who Rose To Wealth Through Com Merce, Became Prominent In The Affairs Of The State, Gained Supreme Power And Were In Gen Eral Known As Patrons Of Literature And Art. Giovanni (1360-1429) Rendered Important Serv Ice To Florence And Became Gonfalonier In ...
Medici_2
Medici, Banks Of The. The Opulent House Of Medici Owed Its Origin, Like That Of The Scarcely Less Wealthy House Of Fuggers (q.v.), To The Profits Of The Woolens Trade, The Progenitors Of Both Houses Having Been Weavers And Dyers Of Woolen Cloths, In Their Time The Principal Constituent Of ...
Medicine
Medicine, Eclectic, Embodies The Prin Ciples And Practice Of The Only Established American School Of Medicine. The Term Eclectic Was Not The Most Fortunate, For At No Time Has It Adequately Defined The School's Posi Tion. When Chosen, The Term Was Very Popular And Was Borne By Several Education Systems ...
Medicine Hat
Medicine Hat, Canada, A City In The Southeast Corner Of Alberta, 600 Miles West Of Winnipeg And 167 Miles Southeast Of Calgary, In Lat. 50° 2' N., And Long. 40' W., And Is 2,181 Feet Above Sea-level. It Is Situated On The Slope Of The South Saskatchewan River Which Gives ...
Medicine Man
Medicine Man, Among The American Indians, South Sea Island Tribes And Other Sav Ages, A Man Supposed To Possess Mysterious Healing Powers. Among Most Savages The Medi Cine Man Occupies Much The Same Position As That Held In Civilized Communities By Two Of The Learned Professions — Medical And Clerical. ...
Medicine And Psychiatry
Medicine And Psychiatry, Psy Chology In. Although The Great Power Of Sug Gestion Has Been Recognized From The Earliest Human Times And The Powerful Influence Of The Mind On The Body Somewhat Understood For Centuries, The Medical Schools Obviously Have In General Belied Their High Privilege Of Studying And Then ...
Medina
Medina, Jose Toribio, Chilean Bibliog Rapher: B. Santiago De Chile, 1852. He Received His Education At The National Institute And The University Of Santiago, Being Graduated In Law At The Latter Institution In 1873. At The Age Of 22 He Was Appointed Secretary Of Legation At Lima. In That City ...
Meditations Of Lamartini
Meditations Of Lamartini The 'meditations' (1820) And (nouvelles Meditations' (1823) Of Lamartine Should Be Counted Rather As Heralds Of The Romani School Of French Poetry Than As Products Of Former, Its Authors First Publication—he Was Then 30— Appeared Five Years After Water Loo. Its Sentimentalized Melancholy Voiced Sc Admirably The ...
Meditations Of Marcus Aure
Meditations Of Marcus Aure Lius, The. There Is Probably No More Ro Mantic Story Of A Book In The History Of Litera Ture Than That Of The Volume Known As The 'meditations Of Marcus Aurelius.' It Is Merely The Commonplace Book Or Diary Of A Roman Emperor (121-180 A.d.), Who ...
Mediterranean
Mediterranean (med"i-te-ra'ne-an) Sea, The Great Inland Sea Between The Conti Nents Of Europe, Africa And Asia, The Remnant —.according To Professor Suess— °of A Great Ocean Which At An Early Geological Epoch, Be Fore The Formation Of The Atlantic, Encircled Half The Globe Along A Line Of Latitude.° From Its ...
Medulla Oblongata
Medulla Oblongata, The Brain Stem, Or That Part Of The Nervous System Thy Lies Between The Pans, Or Pans Varolii, At Th! Tipper End, And The Spinal Cord Proper, Wils Which It Is Continuous, At Its Lower End. It Very Old Part Of The Nervous System, Judo' From The Standpoint ...
Meehan
Meehan, Mean, Thomas, American Botanist : B. Potter's Bar, Near London, England, 21 March 1826; D. Philadelphia, 19 Nov. 1901. From His Father, A Gardener, He Learned Facts Of Natural History When A Child; At Eight Made And Recorded An Original Discovery In Herpetol Ogy; Taught Himself From Books Read ...
Meerschaum
Meerschaum (sepiolite), Merisham Or -shum, A Name Given To One Of The Silicates Of Magnesium; It Is A Mineral Of A Whitish Or Creamy Color, And Received Its Name From Its Appearance And The Position In Which It Is Some Times Found Suggesting That It Was Petrified Foam Of The ...
Megapodes
Megapodes, A General Name For The Brush-turkeys Or Mound-birds Of Australia Con Stituting The Gallinaceous Family Megapodiidte, So Named In Reference To The Disproportionately Large Size Of The Feet; And Remarkable For Their Breeding Habits. The Family, Although Mainly Australian, Is Represented In Many Of The South Sea Islands And ...
Megatherium
Megatherium, A Gigantic Fossil Ground Sloth, The Largest Known Edentate, Representing The Family Megatheriicke, And Especially Thf. Species Megatherium Americanum, Whose Re Mains Are Found Plentifully In The Pleistocene Strata Of Argentina And Patagonia. These Ear!, Edentates Were So Generalized, That, As Compare2 With Modern Forms, They Exhibit The Head ...
Mehring
Mehring, Franz, German Historian, Critic And Socialist Philosopher: B. Schlawe, Pomerania, 27 Feb. 1846; D. Berlin, 29 Jan. 1919. He Was Of Middle-class Pomeranian Origin, But Became Interested Early In Life In The Struggles Of The Poor. His Life Is An Interesting Example Of The Career Of A Political Thinker ...
Meissonier
Meissonier, Jean Louis Ernest, Zh8ti Loo-e Er-na Ma-so-nya, French Painter: B. Lyons, France, 21 Feb. 1815; D. Paris, 31 Jan. 1891. He Came To Paris In Early Youth And Entered The Studio Of Cogniet, Meanwhile Form Ing His Style On The Dutch Masters As Repre Sented In The Louvre. He ...
Meistersingers
Meistersingers, Mieter-sing-erz. Or Master-singers (ger., Society Of German Singers Formed In The 14th Century. During The Long Evenings Of Winter The Worthy Burghers Of The German Cities As Sembled To Read The Poems Of The Some Of The Hearers Were Naturally Led To Iry Their Own Skill In Verse; Others ...
Melanchthon
Melanchthon, Hellenized Name Of Philipp Schwarzerd (eng. Eblack Earth"), Ger Man Reformer: B. Bretten, In The Palatinate, 16 Feb. 1497; D. Wittenberg, 19 April 1560. He Was Left An Orphan In His 10th Year And Taken Into The House Of His Grandmother, A Sister Of Reuchlin (see Reuchlin, Johann), The ...
Melanesia
Melanesia. (greek, Melas, Black Nesos, Island), In Which The Reference Is To Thr Extreme Blackness Of The People Rather Than Of The Islands Themselves, Is The Designation Ap Plied To The Islands Of The Western Region 0 Oceanica. They Extend Northwestward N Three Interlacing Chains, From New Calednma On The ...
Melanism
Melanism, An Excess Of Pigment In The Skin And Its Appendages, Producing Real Or Com Parative Blackness; The Opposite Of Albinism (q.v.). Melanism Is Less Frequent Than Albinism, But More Inclined To Affect Large Numbers Of Individuals Of A Species, Forming Melanistic Va Rieties And Is Seen Not Only In ...
Melbourne
Melbourne, Ma'bern, William Lamb, Viscount, English Statesman: B. 15 March 1779; D. 24 Nov. 1848. Carefully Trained By His Mother, He Entered Eton In 1790, Trinity Col Lege, Cambridge, In 1796, And Lincoln's Inn In 1797; Studied Law In Glasgow ; Was Called To The Bar In 1804; And In ...
Melbourne_2
Melbourne, Australia, The Capital Of The State Of Victoria, And The Largest City Of Australasia, Situated Around Hobson's Bay, At The Northern Extremity Of Port Phillip, 40 Miles North Of Its Entrance From The Ocean Between Points Lonsdale And Nepean. The City And Its Numerous Suburbs Occupy An Extensive Undulat ...
Meline
Meline, James Florant, American Law Yer And Author: B. Sacket's Harbor, N. Y.; El Brooklyn, N. Y., 14 Aug. 1873. He Was Grad Uated At Mount Saint Mary's College, Emmetts Burg, Md., And Went To Cincinnati, Where He Was One Of The Professors At The Athenzum, And, While Teaching, Studied ...
Melody
Melody, In Music, A Succession Of Single Tones So Arranged As To Express A Musical Thought. A Solo For One Instrument Or Voice With Or Without Accompaniment Is The Most Typical Example Of A Melody. Melody Is One Of The Most Comprehensive Terms Used In Music, Being Properly Applicable To ...
Melons
Melons, A Popular Name For Several Un Related Plants, But More Particularly For Two Members Of The Family Cucurbitacece, The Musk Melon (cticuntir Melo) And The Watermelon (citrullus Vulgaris). The More Important Other Fruits Similarly Known Are The Chinese Preserv Ing Melon (benincasa Cerifera) Of The Same Family; The Melon ...
Melos
Melos, Melos. Milo, Or Milos, Greece, An Island In The )egean Sea, In The Southwest Portion Of The Cyclades, About 65 Miles East Of The Mainland. Its Length, East To West, Is About 14 Miles And It Is About Eight Miles In Extreme Breadth; Area, 64 Square Miles. It Is ...
Melting Point
Melting Point, The Temperature At Which The Solid And Liquid States Of A Body Can Coexist, Without The Fluid Part Of The Mixture Solidifying, Nor The Solid Part Melting. The Melting Point Of A Body Which Is Crystalline In Nature (like Ice) Is Usually Quite Definite, And A Body Of ...
Membrane
Membrane, In Anatomy And Physiology, A Thin Sheet-like Tissue, More Or Less Elastic, Varying In Structure And Vital Properties. Mem Branes Absorb Or Secrete Fluids, Connect Certain Parts Of The Body, Separate, Envelop Or Form Certain Organs Or Act As Partitions Between Two Fluids Or Gases, Permitting Them To Mingle. ...
Memoirs Of Carlo Goldoni
Memoirs Of Carlo Goldoni ('mernoires De Carlo Goldoni'). This Work Is Celebrated Among The Many Of This Class In Literature, And Yet, In Ageneral Way, Is Compar Atively Little Known. The Were Written In French, When Goldoni Was 80 Years Old, And First Appeared In Paris In 1787 (3 Vols.). ...
Memory And Its Disorders
Memory And Its Disorders. Locke Has Defined Memory As Power Tie Mind Has To Revive Perceptions Which It Once Had, With The Additional Perception That It Has Had Them Before.° Ribot Distinguishes Three Functions Of Memory: (1) The Preservation R• Certain States, (2) Their Reproduction And (3 Their Recognition. In ...
Memory In Animals
Memory In Animals Is To Be Studied In The Light Of Comparative Psychology, As Be Tween The Human And The Animal Mind. To One Class Of Thinkers This Difference Seems Only One Of Degree; The Mind Of The Animal To Them Is Of The Same Nature As That Of Man, ...
Memphis
Memphis, Mem'fis, Egypt, An Ancient City Near The Apex Of The Nile Delta, 12 Miles South Of Cairo, According To Herodotu.s, Founded By Menes, The First King Of Egypt. It Was A Large, Rich And Splendid City, And The Second Capital Of Egypt. After The Fall Of Thebes It Became ...
Memphis
Memphis, Tenn., City, County-seat Of Shelby County, On The Mississippi River, At The Head Of All-the-year-round Navigation, Is The Largest City In Tennessee, The Fifth In Size Of The Cities On The Mississippi River And The Most Important Commercial Centre And Distributing Point Between New Orleans And Saint Louis. Communications.— ...
Memphis_2
Memphis (tenn.), Capture Of. At Dusk 5 June 1862 The Union Flotilla Under Command Of Corn. C. H. Davis Appeared Near Memphis And Anchored Two Miles Above The City. The Confederate Flotilla, Corn. J. E. Montgomery, Commanding, Was Lying At The Memphis Levee. At Daylight The Union Fleet Began To ...
Menabrea
Menabrea, Luigi Federigo, Courrr, Italian Soldier And Statesman: B. Chambery, In Savoy, 4 Sept. 1809; D. There, 25 May 1896. After Completing A Course In Mathematics At The University Of Turin And Joining The Engi Neers In The Sardinian Army, He Accepted The Professorship Of Technical Science At The Mili ...
Menander
Menander, The Name Of Two Greek Writers, (1) The Comic Dramatist : B. Athea. 342 Ac.; D. There, 290 B.c. He Was The Pupil O: Theophratus, Himself The Pupil And Successor C Aristotle As Head Of The Peripatetics, And Authx Of (characteres,) A Somewhat More Literary An,1 Popular Enlargement Of ...