Psyche
Psyche, Si'ke (greek Lovx6, Meaning Breath, Soul, Life), In Greek Mythology, A Beau Tiful Maiden Regarded As An Allegorical Personi Fication Of The Human Soul. In A Version Of Her Story Given By Apuleius In 'the Golden Ass' She Is The Daughter Of A King And Far Outshines In Loveliness ...
Psychiatry
Psychiatry, That Branch Of Medicine Which Deals With Diseases Of The Mind. Histor Ically While Mental Diseases Have Always Been Recognized, They Have Often Been Thought To Be Of Divine Or Diabolical Origin And Their Con Sideration Has Been Hopelessly Entangled With Religion And With Metaphysical Speculation. Even After Mental ...
Psychiatry And War
Psychiatry And War. In Harmony With The General Fact That It Is Man's Mind That Receives Last Consideration In Questions Of Health It Has Taken Until The Present War For Any Real Appreciation Of The Incidence Of Mental Disease In The Military Forces To Get Recogni Tion. The Russians In ...
Psychical Research
Psychical Research. In Its Tech Nical Sense Psychical Research Refers To Objects And Methods Of Investigation Employed By The Society Of Psychical Research, Which Was Founded In England In 1882. The Function Of This Society Is Set Forth In The Following An Nouncement: Ait Has Been Widely Felt That The ...
Psychoanalysis
Psychoanalysis Is Primarily A Sys Tem Or Method Of Medical Practice Which Aims To Interpret And Treat Various Visceral, Nervous And Mental Disorders Through Their Most Funda Mental Causes In The Nature And Life Of The In Dividual. These Causes Are Discovered And A Readjustment Of The Factors They Represent ...
Psychological Apparatus
Psychological Apparatus. The Object Of The Psychological Laboratory Is, In Brief, To Standardize The Conditions Of Intro Spection (see Psychology) ; To Make It Possible That Psychological Observations Shall Be Taken In The Most Favorable Circumstances, So That They May Be Repeated (by The Same Or By Other Observers), Isolated ...
Psychology
Psychology Has Been Defined, From Time Immemorial, As The Science Of Mind. This Definition, Which Agrees Well With The Etymolog Ical Meaning Of The Word Gpsychology,° May Be Accepted By The Modern Psychologist, Provided That Its Two Terms (gscience° And °mind))) Are Themselves Correctly Defined. This Is An Import Ant ...
Psychology Of The Abnormal
Psychology Of The Abnormal. By The Psychology Of The Abnormal Is Meant The Psychology Of Individuals Who Are Classed As Abnormal, Or Those Individuals Who Evidence In Their Conduct Or Speech Or In The Character Of Their Ideas Or Emotions Responses That Stamp Them As Being Unusual Or As Differing ...
Ptarmigan
Ptarmigan, Tiemi-gan, A Grouse Of The Genus Lagopus, Which Differs From The Ordinary Grouse In Having The Legs Feathered To The Claws, Giving Somewhat The Appearance Of A Hare's Foot (whence The Generic Name). The Trun Cated Tail Has 14 Or 16 Feathers, Most Of The Species Become White In ...
Pterodactyls
Pterodactyls, Ter'o-clalc'tilz, An Order Of Extinct Flying Reptiles Technically Known As Pterosauria. They Lived Exclusively During The Mesozoic Period, From The Beginning Of The Jurassic To Near The Close Of The Cretaceous. Their Fossil Remains Have Been Found In Europe And North America, But Are Best Known From The Chalk ...
Ptolemaic System
Ptolemaic System, In Astronomy, The System By Which Claudius Ptolemy Tried To Explain Celestial Motions. For 14 Centuries This Was The Universally Accepted And Authorita Tive System Of Astronomy, Only Being Com Pletely Overthrown Upon The Development Of The Copernican System By Kepler Toward The Middle Of The 17th Century. ...
Ptolemy
Ptolemy I (called Soter, The Saviour))) : B. Macedonia; D. 283 B.c. According To Lucian He Was Born About 367 A.c., But On The Supposition Of His Being A Son Of Philip It Must Have Been Some Years Later. In 330 B.c. He Was Admitted Into The Body-guard, And From ...
Ptolemy Ii Philadelphus
Ptolemy Ii (philadelphus) : B. Cos, 309 B.c.; D. 247. He Was Raised To The Throne During The Lifetime Of His Father Ptolemy I. He Concluded A Treaty With Rome After The Defeat Of Pyrrhus, And Continued Faithful To His Allies During The Carthaginian War. There Was A Chronic But ...
Ptomaines
Ptomaines, A Series Of Organic Nitro Genous Bodies, Closely Resembling The Vegetable Alkaloids In Many Of Their Chemical Properties. They Are Present In Many Animal Products, And Are Formed Either By The Chemical Breaking Down Of Complex Nitrogenous Molecules Or By Bacterial Agencies Capable Of Inducing Similar Decompositions. Most Of ...
Puberty
Puberty, The Period In Both Male And Female Marked By Functional Development Of The Generative System. This Period, When Capacity For Reproduction Begins, Is Indicated In Both Sexes By Certain Characteristic Signs. In The Male Puberty Is Generally Reached, In Temperate Climates, Between The Ages Of 15 And 18, And ...
Public Finance 1
Public Finance. 1. Definition And Scope Of Public Finance.— Governmental Or Ganization Is Necessary In Any Society Which Has Passed Beyond The Lowest Stage Of Social Development, And In Modern Industrial States The Functions And Needs Of The Government Are Large And Important. Public Finance Treats Of The Raising And ...
Public Lands
Public Lands. The Expression Apublic Lands' Or Of The United States, Is Used To Include Such Lands Of The United States As Are Subject To Sale Or Other Disposal Under General Laws And Are Not Re Served Or Appropriated For Any Special Public Purpose. This Article Will Treat Of The ...
Public Law
Public Law. In General Public Law As Contradistinguished From Private Law, Which Determines The Status And Relationships Of Per Sons And Property, May Be Defined As That Branch Of The Law Which Deals With The Organ Ization Of The State And The Relations Which Sub Sist Between It And The ...
Public Library And Popular
Public Library And Popular Education. The Growth Of The Demo Cratic Idea In Public Libraries.—historically, The Library Has Always Been An Adjunct To Edu Cation. The Temple Libraries Of Thetians And Assyrians, The Public Libraries Of The Ro Mans, The Monastery And Cathedral Libraries And The Libraries Of The Medieval ...
Public School Organization
Public School Organization. This Article On School Organization Deals First With The Kind, Distribution And Relation Of Schools In The Community, Second With The Or Ganization Of The Supervisory And Teaching Force In The System And In The Individual School. The Ordinary Units Of School Organization Are Rural Districts, Townships, ...
Public Schools
Public Schools. The Idea Of A Free Public School Maintained Entirely At Municipal Or State Expense And Altogetier Under State And Secular Control Is A Modern Development, Which Was Not Realized Until The 19th Century. The Growth Of Democracy In The Last 100 Years Has Been One Of The Chief ...
Public Utilities
Public Utilities. Pub Lic Utility Is A Term Which Is Not Easy To Define With Precision. When Used In A Popular Sense It Applies To Those Services Rendered To The Public Which Are So Intimately Related To The Welfare Of The Entire Community That Those Who Render Them Are Subjected ...
Publishing
Publishing, American. The Book Trade Or Publishing Industry In The New World Had Its Origin In A More Remote Period Than Is Generally Supposed. It Began Within 100 Years Of The Invention Of Printing, And From The Date Of The First American Book, 1535, To The Year 1799, Over 7,000 ...
Puebla
Puebla, Mexico (originally Called La Puebla De Los Angeles, More Recently Puebla De Zaragoza), Capital Of The State Of The Same Name, 116 Miles East Of The City Of Mexico By The Mexican Railway, But Only About 60 Miles In A Straight Line; Altitude Over 7,000 Feet Above The Sea. ...
Pueblo
Pueblo, Colo., City, County-seat Of Pueblo County, And Second City In The State, On The Atchison, Topeka And Santa Fe, The Colorado And Southern (burlington Route), The Denver And Rio Grande, The Missouri Pacific And The Chicago, Rock Island And Pacific Rail Roads, Also On The Colorado-kansas Railroad, About 120 ...
Pueblo Indians
Pueblo Indians (spanish, "town," "village"; Hence Pueblos, °villagers"), A Group Of Sedentary Agricultural Tribes Comprising The Tanoan, Keresan Or Queres, And Zuffian Lin Guistic Stocks In New Mexico, And The Hopi Or Moqui Of The Shoshonean Stock In Northeastern Arizona. There Are Also Some Mexicanized Remnants Of The Tanoan Stock ...
Puerperal Fever
Puerperal Fever, An Infectious Dis Ease Of Women Occurring Shortly After Child Birth, Or Following A Miscarriage, Accidental Or Induced. It Is Caused By A Micro-organism, Usually A Bacterium (streptococcus), And Is Communicated By Contact With Unclean Hands, Instruments Or Clothing Which May Have Brought The Infection, Just Before, During ...
Pufendorf
Pufendorf, Samuel, Baron Von, German Publicist And Historian: B. Chemnitz, Saxony, 8 Jan. 1632; D. Berlin, 26 Oct. 1694. He Studied Theology And Law At Leipzig And In 1657 Philosophy At Jena; Was Tutor In The House Of The Swedish Ambassador At Copen Hagen, And By His Work, 'elementa Jurispruden ...
Puget
Puget, Pierre Paul, Pal French Painter, Sculptor And Architect: B. Marseilles, 31 Oct. 1622; D. There, 1694. He Began His Career In Art As Apprentice To A Ship Builder Named Roman, Who Set Him To Carving The Figure Decorations For The Prow And Poop Of Galleys Which The Prevailing Fashion ...
Pulitzer
Pulitzer, Joseph, American Journalist: B. Budapest, Hungary, 10 April 1847; D. Charleston, S. C., 29 Oct. 1911. He Came To The United States In 1864 And Joined A Federal Cavalry Regiment, Serving Till The End Of The Civil War; Then Became A Reporter On The 'westliche Post,' Which Carl Schurz ...
Pulley
Pulley, A Mechanical Device For The Duplication And Reduplication Of The Intensity Of A Force. By Its Application The Power Exerted May Overcome A Resistance Much Greater Than Itself, Through A Sacrifice Of Velocity. In Its Simplest Form It Consists Of A Wheel Of Wood Or Metal Which Turns On ...
Pulmotor
Pulmotor, A Machine Invented By Ber Nard Draeger For Producing Artificial Respira Tion. It Was First Used In Europe In Connection With Mine Rescue Apparatus. Later It Was Used By The United States Bureau Of Mines In Similar Work. It Was Found To Be So Satisfactory In Resuscitating After All ...
Pulse
Pulse (from Latin, Pulsus, A Beating), The Rhythmical Motion Of An Artery, With Al Ternate Expansion And Contraction, In Practice Considered As A Beating. This Motion Is Strong Est In The Heart (q.v.), Which Is The Centre Of The Arterial System; And From That Organ It Is Prop Agated Through ...
R I Providence
Providence, R. I., The County-seat Of The County Of The Same Name And The Capital And Largest City Of The State, Is Situated At The Head Of Providence River, A Tidal Arm Of Nar Ragansett Bay. It Is 30 Miles North From The Open Ocean, About 20 West From Fall ...
Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy). From The Very Earliest Times Sunlight Has Been Considered An Important Aid In The Pres Ervation Of Health. The Ancient Greeks And Romans Exposed Their Naked Bodies To The Sun In The Open Air To Recruit Mental And Physical Energies, And Built Balconies Or Terraces (so Lam) On The ...
Sir Pollock
Pollock, Sir Frederick, English Jurist: B. London, 10 Dec. 1845. He Was Educated At Eton And Cambridge In 1871 Was Called To I The Bar Of Lincoln's Nn, And In 1882-83 Was Professor Of Jurisprudence In University Col Lege, London. Since 1883 He Has Occupied The Chair Of Jurisprudence At ...
Sir Prestwich
Prestwich, Sir Joseph, English Geolo Gist: B. London, 12 March 1812; D. Shoreham, Kent, 23 June 1896. He Spent One Year At Uni Versity College, London, Continued His Geological Studies Though At The Age Of 18 He Entered His Father's Office And For Many Years He Was A Prominent Wine ...
Synod Of Dort
Dort, Synod Of, And Westminster Assembly). These Symbols Are Regarded As Subordinate Standards. Presbyterians Receive The Scriptures Of The Old And New Testament As The Supreme Standard, "the Only Infallible Rule Of Faith And Practice.° In America, The Most Widely Accepted Symbol Of Faith Is The Westminster Confession, Slightly Modified ...
Thomas
Thomas Jeffeasotr, Thomas Jefferson, Whose Labors So Thor Oughly Complemented Those Of John Adams, Rests In Williamsburg, Va., Beneath A Plain And Unassuming Obelisk Of Granite, In The Small Family Cemetery On The Road Leading To His Famous Homestead, Monticello. He Did Not Regard Having Been Twice Elected To The ...
Vice Presidential Candidates 1872
Vice-presidential Candidates. 1872. John Russell, Michigan. 1876. Gideon T. Stewart, Ohio. 1880. Henry A. Thompson, Ohio. 1884. William Daniel. Maryland. 1888. John A. Brooks, Missouri. 1892.james B. Cranfill, Texas. 1896. Ale Johnson, Illinois. 1900. Henry B. Metcalf, Rhode Island. 1904. George W. Carroll, Texas. 1908 And 1912. Aaron S. Watkins, ...
W Princeton
Princeton, W. Va., Engagement At. In The Spring Of 1862 General Fremont, Com Manding A Military Department That Included West Virginia, Proposed To Move From Mon Terey On Staunton, Thence To The New River Near Christianburg, His Ultimate Destination Being Knoxville, Tenn. Gen. J. D. Cox, Commanding On The Kanawha, ...
Washington
Washington. The One Of Washington, At Mount Vernon, Is Commonplace. It Does Not Reflect The Senti Ment Of Our People. The National Treasury Could Very Fittingly Unlock One Of The Gold Boxes And Contribute Toward The Shrine Of Him Who, When Living, Was °first In War, First In Peace,' And, ...