RIEDR$RL, re'cre-z1, Frederica Charlotte Louisa (Vim MAssow) : b. Brandenburg 1746• d. Berlin, 29 March 1. She was the wife of Baron Riedesel (Qv.) and accompanied her husband to America. After Bargorre's • sur render she resided for a year at Cambridge, Mass., where a street has since been named in her honor; and later at Charlottesville, Va. She wrote graphic descriptions of the campaign and subsequent events, published after her death by her son-in-law, Count von Reuss, and trans lated inadeouately into English in 1827 ('Letters; and Memoirs Relating to the War of 'American Independence, and the Capture of the British Troops at Saratoga)), and worthily by W. L. Stone in 1867 ('Letters and Journals Relating. to the War of the American. , Adolph, Fennell zu EISENBAC , soldier: b. Lanterbach, Hesse, 3 June 1738; d. Brunswick, 6 Jan. 1800.* He studied at the Marburg law school, but before the completion of his course enlisted in a regiment of Hessian infantry as vice-ensign, and soon afterward went to England with his regiment, which had been made part of the British army, and was billeted on a town near London.' There he became fairly proficient in English. On the outbreak of the Seven Years', War in 1756, the regiment Was sent to Ger many and Riedesel served on the immediate staff of Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick. Shortly after the outbreak of the American Revohnicm, England negotiated with several of the petty sovereigns of Germany for some 20,000 troops.
Of these" about 4,000 were ffom Brunswick. Riedesel was promoted major-general and placed in command of the Brunswick contin gent, and on 1 June 1776 he reached Quebec. A thorough , disciplinarian, he practised his troops in the American mode of fighting, par ticnlarly in rapidity of firing, in which the C.on. tinenfth were much more efficient. He accom-. pained Burgoyne (q.v.) on the ill-fated expedi tion of 1777, distinguished himself at Ticon-. deroga, and at Huhhardton brought up rein forcements and dispersed the Americans. At
Freeman's Farm, 19 Sept. 1777, he saved the British from rout by arriving with his Bruns wickers ; and, after the action on 7 October, had his counsels prevailed, Burgoyne would prob ably have made a successful retreat to Canada. He was taken prisoner at Saratoga 17 October, exchanged in 1779, and in that year appointed to a command on Long Island. In 1783 he re turned to Germany, in 1787 was promoted lieu tenant-general, and in 1788 commanded the Brunswick portion of the army sent from Ger many to Holland to assist the Stadtholder. From 1794 until his death he was commandant of the town of Brunswick. The 'Leben und Wirken des General-Lieutenants F. A. Riedesel, nebst vielen Original-Correspondenzen und his torischen Aktenstfickend by von Eelking, ap peared in 1856. An abridged translation into English by W. L. Stone was published in 1868. It affords a most complete and accurate account of Burgoyne's expedition, as well as a clear view of contemporary affairs in Canada.
nrsoaR, re'ger,- Plum Ladislaus, Rom. von, Bohemian statesman: b. Serail, 10 Dec 1818; d. Prague, 3 March 1903. He studied law at Prague, received a government service ap... pointment and in 1848 he was elected to the Austrian Rcichsrat. After a period of activ ity as one of the leaders of the Slavic party he remained in the background until 1861, when with Palacky he led a movement demanding the restoration of the Bohemian monarchy, including Moravia and Silesia, and that Bohe mia should occupy in the empire a place similar to that of Hungary. Reiger's power was grad ually encroached upon by the Young Czechs, he remaining the head of the Old Czechs, and in 1891, after 30 years of leadership, he was defeated by the young party. He was ennobled in 1897 and took his seat in the Austrian House of Peers.