6. West Indian Locust; Courbaril; Algarroba (Venezuela and Colombia), .1 atahy (Brazil).— The West Indian locust is the English name for a wood produced by Hymencea courbaril L., although in Brazil, under the name of jatahy besides the above, there are several species oi Hymentea that give similar woods. The wood is red with dark streaks. It is used locally but little exported. The different species yield a resin known as South American tool, or courbaril, which is exported in considerable quantities especially from northeastern Brazil. Bodies of the resin are deposited in the ground on the death of the tree and are thus mined.
7. Copahyba.— This is the Brazilian name of a wood similar to the West Indian locust and with the same uses. It is produced by several species of the genus C o paif era, The tree pro duces an oil known as aciete or copaiba oil that is exported to some extent. It is found also in northern South America and neighboring regions.
8. Araribia (Brazil) ; Cartan (Venezuela); Guayacan jobo (Colombia); Amarillo de Guayaquil (Panama).— This group of woods comes from several species of the genus Cen trolobium. The woods vary from a bright red dish yellow to yellow streaked with darker color. They are used quite extensively locally,. especially in Brazil and deserve to be exported as fine furniture woods.
9. Acapsi.— The acapit (Vouacaposta ameri cana Aubl.) is a reddish brown wood, with dark, almost black, streaks, and very hard and heavy, that comes from the Amazon valley and is exported in some quantities.
10. Purpleheart, Violet wood; Guarabii or Pao Roxo (Brazil); Nazareno (Panama); Tananeo (Colombia):— These woods are gen erally referred to the genus Peltogyne and found from Panama to Brazil, though species of closely related genera may produce some of them. The woods are dark purple, sometimes with violet shades. They are quite extensively used in Brazil and British Guiana for many purposes. Some of them yield an odorous resin used medicinally and a red dye used for textile fabrics. Purpleheart has been exported from British Guiana and neighboring islands.
11. Balsamo; Balsamo de Tolls (Colombia); Oleo or Cabresiva (Brazil); lncienso (Argen tina).— The general name of balsam° is here applied to a group of woods that come from the genera Myroxylon and Myrocarpus. The woods are dark or yellowish red in color and the bark or wood or both yield oily substances. The bark of the balsamo of Colombia (Myroxv Ion balsamum [1..] Harms.) yields a resinous oil, balsamo de tofu, that is exported to some extent. The woods are used locally and de serve to find wider markets. The cabretiva or Sao Paulo, Brazil, is probably the most used. The incienso of Argentina, a scented wood, is highly valued in Argentina.
12. (Philippines); Mirabcau (Borneo and Malay Peninsula).— The genus Instia es pecially Instia bejugo [Colelm] 0. Ktze. is the main source of the wood. It is yellow when fresh cut but turns reddish brown to chocolate color when exposed. It is highly valued for construction work in contact with the ground. In the Philippines it is one of the principal woods used for railroad ties.
13. Tindalo (Philippines).—This wood is the product of Pahudsa rhomboidia (Blanco) Prain. The wood is yellowish red, becoming very dark with age. It is greatly prized for flooring, fine interior finish and furniture.
14. Acle (Philippines) ; Pyingado Both these woods resemble each other closely in structure. In color they are dark brown and resemble in this respect the black walnut. The ode (Albiccia ade [Blanco] Merr.) is highly prized in the Philippines as a fine furni ture wood. The pyinqado (Xylia dolabriformis Benth.) grows in the teak forests and is used extensively for railroad ties.
The above are only a few of the many woods produced by the Leguminoscr.
Lauan or Dipterocarp Family (Dip terocarpacem).— From the standpoint of pro ducing lumber for general construction pur poses this is the most important tropical family, because the species compose a large percentage of the lumber in the forests in which they occur, and the woods are easily cut and worked. The family is confined to the eastern tropics, es pecially to Borneo, the Philippines, Sumatra, Malay Peninsula and parts of Burma and India. With respect to their hardness and durability the woods can be divided into a number of groups.
1. Lauan, Tanguile (Philippines) ; Seriah or Meranti (Borneo, Malay Peninsula).— This group of woods is found throughout nearly the whole range of the family. Besides the above there are very many local names for the dif ferent species which belong to genera Pentacme Parashorca, and certain species of Shorea. They are the most abundant of the dipterocarps. The woods of the lauans (to use the local Philippine name for the whole group) are all light hardwoods, not durable, as easily worked as pine; locally they are used for all light construction purposes. In regard to color they are classified as white and red lauans. The latter include tanguile. The better grades of the red lauans show resemblance to mahog any and large quantities have been shipped to the United States for mahogany. Of these tam guile (Shorea polyspernsa [Blanco] Merr.) is the best. In the United States it is usually sold under the name of Bataan mahogany. The product of other species, mostly Shorea negrosensis Fox., sells in the United States as Philippine mahogany. Certain red lauans from Borneo are sometimes sold in England as Borneo redwood.